Related papers: Certified $\Sigma_1$-sentences
Causal inference, a critical tool for informing business decisions, traditionally relies heavily on structured data. However, in many real-world scenarios, such data can be incomplete or unavailable. This paper presents a framework that…
Neural networks are often susceptible to minor perturbations in input that cause them to misclassify. A recent solution to this problem is the use of globally-robust neural networks, which employ a function to certify that the…
The problem of verifying whether a textual hypothesis holds based on the given evidence, also known as fact verification, plays an important role in the study of natural language understanding and semantic representation. However, existing…
We generalize the notion of consequence relation standard in abstract treatments of logic to accommodate intuitions of relevance. The guiding idea follows the \emph{use criterion}, according to which in order for some premises to have some…
Compositional vector space models of meaning promise new solutions to stubborn language understanding problems. This paper makes two contributions toward this end: (i) it uses automatically-extracted paraphrase examples as a source of…
Several practical tools for automatically verifying functional programs (e.g., Liquid Haskell and Leon for Scala programs) rely on a heuristic based on unrolling recursive function definitions followed by quantifier-free reasoning using SMT…
We introduce session automata, an automata model to process data words, i.e., words over an infinite alphabet. Session automata support the notion of fresh data values, which are well suited for modeling protocols in which sessions using…
In the paper "Randomizations of Scattered Sentences", Keisler showed that if Martin's axiom for aleph one holds, then every scattered sentence has few separable randomizations, and asked whether the conclusion could be proved in ZFC alone.…
New text as data techniques offer a great promise: the ability to inductively discover measures that are useful for testing social science theories of interest from large collections of text. We introduce a conceptual framework for making…
We present in this paper a first-order axiomatization of an extended theory $T$ of finite or infinite trees, built on a signature containing an infinite set of function symbols and a relation $\fini(t)$ which enables to distinguish between…
This paper have two parts. In the first part we discuss word embeddings. We discuss the need for them, some of the methods to create them, and some of their interesting properties. We also compare them to image embeddings and see how word…
In mathematical logic there are two seemingly distinct kinds of principles called "reflection principles." Semantic reflection principles assert that if a formula holds in the whole universe, then it holds in a set-sized model. Syntactic…
A program verifier produces reliable results only if both the logic used to justify the program's correctness is sound, and the implementation of the program verifier is itself correct. Whereas it is common to formally prove soundness of…
A recent case study from AWS by Chong et al. proposes an effective methodology for Bounded Model Checking in industry. In this paper, we report on a follow up case study that explores the methodology from the perspective of three research…
Currently used metrics for assessing summarization algorithms do not account for whether summaries are factually consistent with source documents. We propose a weakly-supervised, model-based approach for verifying factual consistency and…
Deep neural networks for natural language processing are fragile in the face of adversarial examples -- small input perturbations, like synonym substitution or word duplication, which cause a neural network to change its prediction. We…
Automated fact extraction and verification is a challenging task that involves finding relevant evidence sentences from a reliable corpus to verify the truthfulness of a claim. Existing models either (i) concatenate all the evidence…
Adopting the scientific method a theoretical model is proposed as foundation for information science and technology, extending the existing theory of signaling: a fact f becomes known in a physical system only following the success of a…
Quantum transmission links are central elements in essentially all protocols involving the exchange of quantum messages. Emerging progress in quantum technologies involving such links needs to be accompanied by appropriate certification…
The premises of an argument give evidence or other reasons to support a conclusion. However, the amount of support required depends on the generality of a conclusion, the nature of the individual premises, and similar. An argument whose…