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Global scale quantum communication links will form the backbone of the quantum internet. However, exponential loss in optical fibres precludes any realistic application beyond few hundred kilometres. Quantum repeaters and space-based…

Photon loss is the biggest enemy in quantum communications. Direct transmission typically results in a small fraction of photons surviving over long distances, hindering advanced applications such as loophole-free Bell tests and…

Quantum theory has been successfully validated in numerous laboratory experiments. But would such a theory, which excellently describes the behavior of microscopic physical systems, and its predicted phenomena such as quantum entanglement,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Chao-Yang Lu , Yuan Cao , Cheng-Zhi Peng , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses individual light quanta in quantum superposition states to guarantee unconditional communication security between distant parties. In practice, the achievable distance for QKD has been limited to a few…

Quantum repeaters and satellite-based optical links are complementary technological approaches to overcome the exponential photon loss in optical fibers and thus allow quantum communication on a global scale. We analyze architectures which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-20 Jaspar Meister , Philipp Kleinpaß , Davide Orsucci

Quantum networks hold promise for key distribution, private and distributed computing, and quantum sensing, among other applications. The scale of such networks for ground users is currently limited by one's ability to distribute…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Yanxuan Shao , Saikat Guha , Adilson E. Motter

Using 2 km of standard telecom optical fibres, we teleport qubits carried by photons of 1310 nm wavelength to qubits in another lab carried by a photons of 1550 nm wavelength. The photons to be teleported and the necessary entangled photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Gisin , I. Marcikic , H. de Riedmatten , W. Tittel , H. Zbinden

Recent rapid growth in the number of satellite-constellation programs for remote sensing and communications, thanks to the availability of small-size and low-cost satellites, provides impetus for high capacity laser communication (lasercom)…

Optical quantum communication utilizing satellite platforms has the potential to extend the reach of quantum key distribution (QKD) from terrestrial limits of ~200 km to global scales. We have developed a thorough numerical simulation using…

Quantum Communications on planetary scale require complementary channels including ground and satellite links. The former have progressed up to commercial stage using fiber-cables, while for satellite links, the absence of terminals in…

Satellite Quantum Key Distribution creates a pathway for secure global communication with a level of security that is peerless. However, ground-to-satellite Quantum Key Distribution links are degraded due to the atmospheric turbulence. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Aditya Ajith , S. Saravana Veni

The establishment of a world-wide quantum communication network relies on the synergistic integration of satellite-based links and fiber-based networks. The first are helpful for long-distance communication, as the photon losses introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-04 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

The development of modern technology extends human presence beyond cislunar space and onto other planets, which presents an urgent need for high-capacity, long-distance and interplanetary communication. Communication using photons as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-20 Zeng-Quan Yan , Cheng-Qiu Hu , Zhan-Ming Li , Zhong-Yuan Li , Hang Zheng , Xian-Min Jin

Non-Gaussian continuous-variable quantum states represent a pivotal resource in many quantum information protocols. Production of such states can occur through photonic subtraction process either at the transmitter side prior to sending a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-31 Mingjian He , Robert Malaney , Jonathan Green

In this paper, we investigate the optimization of global quantum communication through satellite constellations. We address the challenge of quantum key distribution (QKD) across vast distances and the limitations posed by terrestrial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Yichen Gao , Guanqun Song , Ting Zhu

Long-distance entanglement distribution is essential both for foundational tests of quantum physics and scalable quantum networks. Owing to channel loss, however, the previously achieved distance was limited to ~100 km. Here, we demonstrate…

We consider the problem of quantum communication mediated by an optical refocusing system, which is schematized as a thin lens with a finite pupil. This model captures the basic features of all those situations in which a signal is either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-26 Cosmo Lupo , Vittorio Giovannetti , Stefano Pirandola , Stefano Mancini , Seth Lloyd

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

A long standing goal for quantum communication is to transfer a quantum state over arbitrary distances. Free-space quantum communication provides a promising solution towards this challenging goal. Here, through a 97-km free space channel,…

We present a ground-to-space quantum key distribution (QKD) mission concept and the accompanying feasibility study for the development of the low earth orbit CubeSat payload. The quantum information is carried by single photons with the…