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Related papers: Split Learning in 6G Edge Networks

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Bringing the success of modern machine learning (ML) techniques to mobile devices can enable many new services and businesses, but also poses significant technical and research challenges. Two factors that are critical for the success of ML…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-29 Deniz Gunduz , David Burth Kurka , Mikolaj Jankowski , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Emre Ozfatura , Sreejith Sreekumar

Federated learning (FL) operates based on model exchanges between the server and the clients, and it suffers from significant client-side computation and communication burden. Split federated learning (SFL) arises a promising solution by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yiannis Papageorgiou , Yannis Thomas , Alexios Filippakopoulos , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Federated learning (FL) refers to a distributed machine learning framework involving learning from several decentralized edge clients without sharing local dataset. This distributed strategy prevents data leakage and enables on-device…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae , Zhaohui Yang

The IoT ecosystem is able to leverage vast amounts of data for intelligent decision-making. Federated Learning (FL), a decentralized machine learning technique, is widely used to collect and train machine learning models from a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Ishmeet Kaur andAdwaita Janardhan Jadhav

The deployment of federated learning in a wireless network, called federated edge learning (FEEL), exploits low-latency access to distributed mobile data to efficiently train an AI model while preserving data privacy. In this work, we study…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Zhenyi Lin , Xiaoyang Li , Vincent K. N. Lau , Yi Gong , Kaibin Huang

Federated Learning (FL), Split Learning (SL), and SplitFed Learning (SFL) are three recent developments in distributed machine learning that are gaining attention due to their ability to preserve the privacy of raw data. Thus, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Praveen Joshi , Chandra Thapa , Seyit Camtepe , Mohammed Hasanuzzamana , Ted Scully , Haithem Afli

Deep learning models have raised privacy and security concerns due to their reliance on large datasets on central servers. As the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices increases, artificial intelligence (AI) will be crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Elham Shammar , Xiaohui Cui , Mohammed A. A. Al-qaness

Although the complete scope of the sixth generation of mobile technologies (6G) is still unclear, the prominence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) in the networking field is undeniable.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-11 David Carrascal , Elisa Rojas , Diego Lopez-Pajares

Split Learning (SL) is a collaborative learning approach that improves privacy by keeping data on the client-side while sharing only the intermediate output with a server. However, the distributed nature of SL introduces new security…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tanveer Khan , Antonis Michalas

The sixth generation (6G) wireless systems are envisioned to enable the paradigm shift from "connected things" to "connected intelligence", featured by ultra high density, large-scale, dynamic heterogeneity, diversified functional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 Yandong Shi , Lixiang Lian , Yuanming Shi , Zixin Wang , Yong Zhou , Liqun Fu , Lin Bai , Jun Zhang , Wei Zhang

To enable training of large artificial intelligence (AI) models at the network edge, split federated learning (SFL) has emerged as a promising approach by distributing computation between edge devices and a server. However, while unstable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Wei Wei , Zheng Lin , Xihui Liu , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Xianhao Chen

Internet of Things (IoT) have widely penetrated in different aspects of modern life and many intelligent IoT services and applications are emerging. Recently, federated learning is proposed to train a globally shared model by exploiting a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Qiong Wu , Kaiwen He , Xu Chen

Split Federated Learning (SFL) enables scalable training on edge devices by combining the parallelism of Federated Learning (FL) with the computational offloading of Split Learning (SL). Despite its great success, SFL suffers significantly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Dandan Liang , Jianing Zhang , Evan Chen , Zhe Li , Rui Li , Haibo Yang

The 6G mobile network is the next evolutionary step after 5G, with a prediction of an explosive surge in mobile traffic. It provides ultra-low latency, higher data rates, high device density, and ubiquitous coverage, positively impacting…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Rodrigo Moreira , Tereza C. M. Carvalho , Flávio de Oliveira Silva , Nazim Agoulmine , Joberto S. B. Martins

The metaverse, which is at the stage of innovation and exploration, faces the dilemma of data collection and the problem of private data leakage in the process of development. This can seriously hinder the widespread deployment of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Yao Chen , Shan Huang , Wensheng Gan , Gengsen Huang , Yongdong Wu

Model-free techniques, such as machine learning (ML), have recently attracted much interest towards the physical layer design, e.g., symbol detection, channel estimation, and beamforming. Most of these ML techniques employ centralized…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-09 Ahmet M. Elbir , Anastasios K. Papazafeiropoulos , Symeon Chatzinotas

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), which incorporates the Cloud, edge nodes and end devices, has shown great potential in bringing data processing closer to the data sources. Meanwhile, Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Wentai Wu , Ligang He , Weiwei Lin , Rui Mao

This work is the first attempt to evaluate and compare felderated learning (FL) and split neural networks (SplitNN) in real-world IoT settings in terms of learning performance and device implementation overhead. We consider a variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Yansong Gao , Minki Kim , Sharif Abuadbba , Yeonjae Kim , Chandra Thapa , Kyuyeon Kim , Seyit A. Camtepe , Hyoungshick Kim , Surya Nepal

The emergence of sixth-generation (6G) technologies has introduced new challenges and opportunities for machine learning (ML) applications in Internet of Things (IoT) networks, particularly concerning energy efficiency. As model training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Anjie Qiu , Donglin Wang , Sanket Partani , Andreas Weinand , Hans D. Schotten

Federated learning (FL) is a popular distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm, but is often limited by significant communication costs and edge device computation capabilities. Federated Split Learning (FSL) preserves the parallel model…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Yujia Mu , Cong Shen