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It is widely recognized that reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning of large language models often leads to diversity collapse, where outputs lack variety. Prior work has proposed a range of heuristics to counteract this effect, but these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Jingchu Gai , Guanning Zeng , Huaqing Zhang , Aditi Raghunathan

One of the key challenges in Sequential Recommendation (SR) is how to extract and represent user preferences. Traditional SR methods rely on the next item as the supervision signal to guide preference extraction and representation. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Muyang Ma , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Huasheng Liang , Jun Ma , Maarten de Rijke

Sequential recommender systems explore users' preferences and behavioral patterns from their historically generated data. Recently, researchers aim to improve sequential recommendation by utilizing massive user-generated multi-modal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Meng Yan , Haibin Huang , Ying Liu , Juan Zhao , Xiyue Gao , Cai Xu , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao

Using multiple user representations (MUR) to model user behavior instead of a single user representation (SUR) has been shown to improve personalization in recommendation systems. However, the performance gains observed with MUR can be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Nikhil Mehta , Anima Singh , Xinyang Yi , Sagar Jain , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi

Sequential recommendation aims to choose the most suitable items for a user at a specific timestamp given historical behaviors. Existing methods usually model the user behavior sequence based on the transition-based methods like Markov…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Zijian Li , Ruichu Cai , Fengzhu Wu , Sili Zhang , Hao Gu , Yuexing Hao , Yuguang

Cross-domain sequential recommendation (CDSR) shifts the modeling of user preferences from flat to stereoscopic by integrating and learning interaction information from multiple domains at different granularities (ranging from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Shu Chen , Zitao Xu , Weike Pan , Qiang Yang , Zhong Ming

Sequential Recommendation Systems (SRS) have become essential in many real-world applications. However, existing SRS methods often rely on collaborative filtering signals and fail to capture real-time user preferences, while Conversational…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yifan Wang , Shen Gao , Jiabao Fang , Rui Yan , Billy Chiu , Shuo Shang

The core of the general recommender systems lies in learning high-quality embedding representations of users and items to investigate their positional relations in the feature space. Unfortunately, data sparsity caused by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Yi Zhang , Yiwen Zhang

In recent years, sequential recommender systems (SRSs) and session-based recommender systems (SBRSs) have emerged as a new paradigm of RSs to capture users' short-term but dynamic preferences for enabling more timely and accurate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Shoujin Wang , Qi Zhang , Liang Hu , Xiuzhen Zhang , Yan Wang , Charu Aggarwal

Transformer-based sequential recommenders, such as SASRec or BERT4Rec, typically rely solely on learned item ID embeddings, making them vulnerable to the item cold-start problem, particularly in environments with dynamic item catalogs.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Antonio De Candia , Matteo Ruffini

In the realm of music recommendation, sequential recommender systems have shown promise in capturing the dynamic nature of music consumption. Nevertheless, traditional Transformer-based models, such as SASRec and BERT4Rec, while effective,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Davide Abbattista , Vito Walter Anelli , Tommaso Di Noia , Craig Macdonald , Aleksandr Vladimirovich Petrov

Slate recommendation generates a list of items as a whole instead of ranking each item individually, so as to better model the intra-list positional biases and item relations. In order to deal with the enormous combinatorial space of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Shuchang Liu , Fei Sun , Yingqiang Ge , Changhua Pei , Yongfeng Zhang

Recommender systems (RS) suggest items-based on the estimated preferences of users. Recent RS methods utilise vector space embeddings and deep learning methods to make efficient recommendations. However, most of these methods overlook the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Makbule Gulcin Ozsoy

Generative models, such as Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), have been successfully applied in sequential recommendation. These methods require sampling from probability distributions and adopt…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Hanwen Du , Huanhuan Yuan , Zhen Huang , Pengpeng Zhao , Xiaofang Zhou

In the era of information explosion, Recommender Systems (RS) are essential for alleviating information overload and providing personalized user experiences. Recent advances in diffusion-based generative recommenders have shown promise in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Chengyi Liu , Xiao Chen , Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been recently introduced in the domain of session-based next item recommendation. An ordered collection of past items the user has interacted with in a session (or sequence) are embedded into a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Fajie Yuan , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Ioannis Arapakis , Joemon M Jose , Xiangnan He

Transformer-based sequential recommendation (TSR) models have shown superior performance in recommendation systems, where the quality of item representations plays a crucial role. Classical representation methods integrate item features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hao Deng , Haibo Xing , Kanefumi Matsuyama , Yulei Huang , Jinxin Hu , Hong Wen , Jia Xu , Zulong Chen , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

Generative recommendation (GR) is an emerging paradigm that represents each item via a tokenizer as an n-digit semantic ID (SID) and predicts the next item by autoregressively generating its SID conditioned on the user's history. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhao Liu , Yichen Zhu , Yiqing Yang , Guoping Tang , Rui Huang , Qiang Luo , Xiao Lv , Ruiming Tang , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

Sequential recommendation aims to predict the next item based on user interests in historical interaction sequences. Historical interaction sequences often contain irrelevant noisy items, which significantly hinders the performance of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Liang Li , Zhou Yang , Xiaofei Zhu

We propose a novel recommender framework, MuSTRec (Multimodal and Sequential Transformer-based Recommendation), that unifies multimodal and sequential recommendation paradigms. MuSTRec captures cross-item similarities and collaborative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bucher Sahyouni , Matthew Vowels , Liqun Chen , Simon Hadfield