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Machine learning algorithms, when trained on audio recordings from a limited set of devices, may not generalize well to samples recorded using other devices with different frequency responses. In this work, a relatively straightforward…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Michał Kośmider

Transformers have rapidly overtaken CNN-based architectures as the new standard in audio classification. Transformer-based models, such as the Audio Spectrogram Transformers (AST), also inherit the fixed-size input paradigm from CNNs.…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jiu Feng , Mehmet Hamza Erol , Joon Son Chung , Arda Senocak

Transformers have revolutionized the world of deep learning, specially in the field of natural language processing. Recently, the Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) was proposed for audio classification, leading to state of the art results…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Leonardo Pepino , Pablo Riera , Luciana Ferrer

It is a practical research topic how to deal with multi-device audio inputs by a single acoustic scene classification system with efficient design. In this work, we propose Residual Normalization, a novel feature normalization method that…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Byeonggeun Kim , Seunghan Yang , Jangho Kim , Simyung Chang

In this paper, we present a robust and low complexity system for Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC), the task of identifying the scene of an audio recording. We first construct an ASC baseline system in which a novel…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Lam Pham , Khoa Dinh , Dat Ngo , Hieu Tang , Alexander Schindler

Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) is one of the core research problems in the field of Computational Sound Scene Analysis. In this work, we present SubSpectralNet, a novel model which captures discriminative features by incorporating…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sai Samarth R Phaye , Emmanouil Benetos , Ye Wang

Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have achieved the state-of-the-art performance in acoustic scene classification (ASC) task. The audio data is often transformed into two-dimensional spectrogram representations, which are then…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou , Dading Chong

Recently, neural networks based purely on self-attention, such as the Vision Transformer (ViT), have been shown to outperform deep learning models constructed with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on various vision tasks, thus extending…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Yuan Gong , Cheng-I Jeff Lai , Yu-An Chung , James Glass

In the past decade, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely adopted as the main building block for end-to-end audio classification models, which aim to learn a direct mapping from audio spectrograms to corresponding labels. To…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Yuan Gong , Yu-An Chung , James Glass

The ability to generalize to a wide range of recording devices is a crucial performance factor for audio classification models. The characteristics of different types of microphones introduce distributional shifts in the digitized audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Tobias Morocutti , Florian Schmid , Khaled Koutini , Gerhard Widmer

Convolutional Neural Networks are widely used in various machine learning domains. In image processing, the features can be obtained by applying 2D convolution to all spatial dimensions of the input. However, in the audio case, frequency…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Simyung Chang , Hyoungwoo Park , Janghoon Cho , Hyunsin Park , Sungrack Yun , Kyuwoong Hwang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been dominating classification tasks in various domains, such as machine vision, machine listening, and natural language processing. In machine listening, while generally exhibiting very good…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Khaled Koutini , Hamid Eghbal-zadeh , Florian Henkel , Jan Schlüter , Gerhard Widmer

Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) identifies an environment based on an audio signal. This paper explores ASC in low-resource conditions and proposes a novel model, DS-FlexiNet, which combines depthwise separable convolutions from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-29 Zhi Chen , Yun-Fei Shao , Yong Ma , Mingsheng Wei , Le Zhang , Wei-Qiang Zhang

State-of-the-art anomalous sound detection (ASD) systems in domain-shifted conditions rely on projecting audio signals into an embedding space and using distance-based outlier detection to compute anomaly scores. One of the major…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Kevin Wilkinghoff , Haici Yang , Janek Ebbers , François G. Germain , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux

Respiratory sound classification is hindered by the limited size, high noise levels, and severe class imbalance of benchmark datasets like ICBHI 2017. While Transformer-based models offer powerful feature extraction capabilities, they are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Atakan Işık , Selin Vulga Işık , Ahmet Feridun Işık , Mahşuk Taylan

Recently, Transformers have been introduced into the field of acoustics recognition. They are pre-trained on large-scale datasets using methods such as supervised learning and semi-supervised learning, demonstrating robust generality--It…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yun Liang , Hai Lin , Shaojian Qiu , Yihang Zhang

Transformers have become central to recent advances in audio classification. However, training an audio spectrogram transformer, e.g. AST, from scratch can be resource and time-intensive. Furthermore, the complexity of transformers heavily…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Jiu Feng , Mehmet Hamza Erol , Joon Son Chung , Arda Senocak

This article proposes an encoder-decoder network model for Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC), the task of identifying the scene of an audio recording from its acoustic signature. We make use of multiple low-level spectrogram features at…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Lam Pham , Huy Phan , Truc Nguyen , Ramaswamy Palaniappan , Alfred Mertins , Ian McLoughlin

Acoustic scene classification (ASC) has been approached in the last years using deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks or recurrent neural networks. Many state-of-the-art solutions are based on image classification…

While using two-dimensional convolutional neural networks (2D-CNNs) in image processing, it is possible to manipulate domain information using channel statistics, and instance normalization has been a promising way to get domain-invariant…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Byeonggeun Kim , Seunghan Yang , Jangho Kim , Hyunsin Park , Juntae Lee , Simyung Chang
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