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State-of-the-art training algorithms for deep learning models are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recently, many variations have been explored: perturbing parameters for better accuracy (such as in Extragradient), limiting SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

We propose a reparametrization scheme to address the challenges of applying differentially private SGD on large neural networks, which are 1) the huge memory cost of storing individual gradients, 2) the added noise suffering notorious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Da Yu , Huishuai Zhang , Wei Chen , Jian Yin , Tie-Yan Liu

This paper considers the scenario that multiple data owners wish to apply a machine learning method over the combined dataset of all owners to obtain the best possible learning output but do not want to share the local datasets owing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Le Trieu Phong , Tran Thi Phuong

Differentially private SGD (DP-SGD) is one of the most popular methods for solving differentially private empirical risk minimization (ERM). Due to its noisy perturbation on each gradient update, the error rate of DP-SGD scales with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yingxue Zhou , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Arindam Banerjee

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DPSGD) is widely used to train deep neural networks with formal privacy guarantees. However, the addition of differential privacy (DP) often degrades model accuracy by introducing both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Xincheng Xu , Thilina Ranbaduge , Qing Wang , Thierry Rakotoarivelo , David Smith

Differentially Private methods for training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have progressed recently, in particular with the use of massive batches and aggregated data augmentations for a large number of training steps. These techniques require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Tom Sander , Pierre Stock , Alexandre Sablayrolles

Machine learning (ML) models have been shown to leak private information from their training datasets. Differential Privacy (DP), typically implemented through the differential private stochastic gradient descent algorithm (DP-SGD), has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Dariush Wahdany , Matthew Jagielski , Adam Dziedzic , Franziska Boenisch

Differential privacy (DP) has become an essential framework for privacy-preserving machine learning. Existing DP learning methods, however, often have disparate impacts on model predictions, e.g., for minority groups. Gradient clipping,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Linzh Zhao , Aki Rehn , Mikko A. Heikkilä , Razane Tajeddine , Antti Honkela

Learning often involves sensitive data and as such, privacy preserving extensions to Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and other machine learning algorithms have been developed using the definitions of Differential Privacy (DP). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Friedrich Dörmann , Osvald Frisk , Lars Nørvang Andersen , Christian Fischer Pedersen

The integration of Differential Privacy (DP) with diffusion models (DMs) presents a promising yet challenging frontier, particularly due to the substantial memorization capabilities of DMs that pose significant privacy risks. Differential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yu-Lin Tsai , Yizhe Li , Zekai Chen , Po-Yu Chen , Chia-Mu Yu , Xuebin Ren , Francois Buet-Golfouse

Per-example gradient clipping is a key algorithmic step that enables practical differential private (DP) training for deep learning models. The choice of clipping threshold R, however, is vital for achieving high accuracy under DP. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Zhiqi Bu , Yu-Xiang Wang , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

Deep neural networks often use large, high-quality datasets to achieve high performance on many machine learning tasks. When training involves potentially sensitive data, this process can raise privacy concerns, as large models have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Felix Zhou , Samson Zhou , Vahab Mirrokni , Alessandro Epasto , Vincent Cohen-Addad

Differential privacy (DP) protects sensitive data during neural network training, but standard methods like DP-Adam suffer from high memory overhead due to per-sample gradient clipping, limiting scalability. We introduce DP-GRAPE (Gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Alex Mulrooney , Devansh Gupta , James Flemings , Huanyu Zhang , Murali Annavaram , Meisam Razaviyayn , Xinwei Zhang

Differentially private learning is essential for training models on sensitive data, but empirical studies consistently show that it can degrade performance, introduce fairness issues like disparate impact, and reduce adversarial robustness.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ruichen Xu , Kexin Chen

The superior performance of large foundation models relies on the use of massive amounts of high-quality data, which often contain sensitive, private and copyrighted material that requires formal protection. While differential privacy (DP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Zhiqi Bu , Xinwei Zhang , Mingyi Hong , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

We present backpropagation clipping, a novel variant of differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) for privacy-preserving deep learning. Our approach clips each trainable layer's inputs (during the forward pass) and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Timothy Stevens , Ivoline C. Ngong , David Darais , Calvin Hirsch , David Slater , Joseph P. Near

This study addresses the issues of privacy protection and efficiency in instruction fine-tuning of large-scale language models by proposing a parameter-efficient method that integrates differential privacy noise allocation with gradient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yulin Huang , Yaxuan Luan , Jinxu Guo , Xiangchen Song , Yuchen Liu

We address the challenge of sample efficiency in differentially private fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) using DP-SGD. While DP-SGD provides strong privacy guarantees, the added noise significantly increases the entropy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ali Dadsetan , Frank Rudzicz

When applied to large-scale learning problems, the conventional wisdom on privacy-preserving deep learning, known as Differential Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), has met with limited success due to significant performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jian Du , Haitao Mi

Although deep neural networks (NNs) have achievedstate-of-the-art accuracy in many visual recognition tasks,the growing computational complexity and energy con-sumption of networks remains an issue, especially for ap-plications on platforms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Le Thanh Nguyen-Meidine , Eric Granger , Madhu Kiran , Louis-Antoine Blais-Morin , Marco Pedersoli