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Quantum annealing aims at solving optimization problems efficiently by preparing the ground state of an Ising spin-Hamiltonian quantum mechanically. A prerequisite of building a quantum annealer is the implementation of programmable…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-11-10 Xingze Qiu , Peter Zoller , Xiaopeng Li

Achieving densely connected hardware graphs is a challenge for most quantum computing platforms today, and a particularly crucial one for the case of quantum annealing applications. In this context, we present a scalable architecture for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Ana Palacios , Artur Garcia-Saez , Bruno Julia-Diaz , Marta P. Estarellas

Finding optimal pathways in chemical reaction networks is essential for elucidating and designing chemical processes, with significant applications such as synthesis planning and metabolic pathway analysis. Such a chemical pathway-finding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-31 Yuta Mizuno , Tamiki Komatsuzaki

The ground state search of the Ising model can be used to solve many combinatorial optimization problems. Under the current computer architecture, an Ising ground state search algorithm suitable for hardware computing is necessary for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-05-15 Zhelong Jiang , Gang Chen , Ruixiu Qiao , Pengcheng Feng , Yihao Chen , Junjia Su , Zhiyuan Zhao , Min Jin , Xu Chen , Zhigang Li , Huaxiang Lu

Combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are crucial in many applications but are computationally demanding. Traditional Ising annealers address COPs by directly converting them into Ising models (known as direct-E transformation) and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yu Qian , Xianmin Huang , Ranran Wang , Zeyu Yang , Min Zhou , Thomas Kämpfe , Cheng Zhuo , Xunzhao Yin

Ising solvers offer a promising physics-based approach to tackle the challenging class of combinatorial optimization problems. However, typical solvers operate in a quadratic energy space, having only pair-wise coupling elements which…

This paper studies the application of the simulated annealing metaheuristic on the identical parallel machine scheduling problem, a variant of the broader optimal job scheduling problem. In the identical parallel machine scheduling problem,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Jiaxing Li , David Perkins

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained attention for their energy-efficient machine learning capabilities, utilizing bio-inspired activation functions and sparse binary spike-data representations. While recent SNN algorithmic advances…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Ruokai Yin , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

The recent emergence of novel computational devices, such as adiabatic quantum computers, CMOS annealers, and optical parametric oscillators, present new opportunities for hybrid-optimization algorithms that are hardware accelerated by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-20 Carleton Coffrin , Harsha Nagarajan , Russell Bent

We contribute to the mathematical theory of the design of low temperature Ising machines, a type of experimental probabilistic computing device implementing the Ising model. Encoding the output of a function in the ground state of a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Andrew G. Moore , Zachary Richey , Isaac K. Martin

We present a scalable machine learning (ML) framework for large-scale kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations of itinerant electron Ising systems. As the effective interactions between Ising spins in such itinerant magnets are mediated by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-02 Alexa Tyberg , Yunhao Fan , Gia-Wei Chern

Computation with the Ising model is central to future computing technologies like quantum annealing, adiabatic quantum computing, and thermodynamic classical computing. Traditionally, computed values have been equated with ground states.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-04 Andrew G. Moore

Recently proposed analog solvers based on dynamical systems, such as Ising machines, are promising platforms for large-scale combinatorial optimization. Yet, given the heuristic nature of the field, there is very limited insight on…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-03-27 Shu Zhou , K. Y. Michael Wong , Juntao Wang , David Shui Wing Hui , Daniel Ebler , Jie Sun

The Ising model with nearest-neighbor interactions on a two-dimensional (2D) square lattice is one of the simplest models for studying ferro-magnetic to para-magnetic transitions. Extensive results are available in the literature for this…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 C. Marin , A. Fontana , V. Bellani , F. Pederiva , A. Quaranta , F. Rossella , A. Salamon , G. Salina

We propose a novel type of minor-embedding (ME) in simulated-annealing-based Ising machines. The Ising machines can solve combinatorial optimization problems. Many combinatorial optimization problems are mapped to find the ground…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-07 Tatsuhiko Shirai , Shu Tanaka , Nozomu Togawa

We present several efficient implementations of the simulated annealing algorithm for Ising spin glasses on sparse graphs. In particular, we provide a generic code for any choice of couplings, an optimized code for bipartite graphs, and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-09-25 S. V. Isakov , I. N. Zintchenko , T. F. Rønnow , M. Troyer

Noisy, Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers have reached the point where they can show the potential for quantum advantage over classical computing. Unfortunately, NISQ machines introduce sufficient noise that even for moderate size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Evan McKinney , Mingkang Xia , Chao Zhou , Pinlei Lu , Michael Hatridge , Alex K. Jones

This paper proposes a novel optimization framework for discrete phase shifts of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) using a coherent Ising machine (CIM). Unlike conventional methods based on iterative convex approximation or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yuto Hama , Daisuke Kitayama , Kensuke Inaba , Toshimori Honjo , Hiroki Takesue , Naoki Ishikawa , Hiroyuki Takahashi

The growing demand for multi-DNN workloads with unpredictable task arrival times has highlighted the need for interruptible scheduling on edge accelerators. However, existing preemptive frameworks typically assume known task arrival times…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Boran Zhao , Hetian Liu , Zihang Yuan , Yanbin Hu , Wenzhe Zhao , Tian Xia , Pengju Ren

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique is important for achieving a high data rate in next-generation wireless communications. A key challenge to fully utilizing the effectiveness of the NOMA technique is the optimization of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Teppei Otsuka , Aohan Li , Hiroki Takesue , Kensuke Inaba , Kazuyuki Aihara , Mikio Hasegawa