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An iris presentation attack detection (IPAD) is essential for securing personal identity is widely used iris recognition systems. However, the existing IPAD algorithms do not generalize well to unseen and cross-domain scenarios because of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Gaurav Jaswal , Aman Verma , Sumantra Dutta Roy , Raghavendra Ramachandra

Federated Learning (FL) has been successfully adopted for distributed training and inference of large-scale Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, DNNs are characterized by an extremely large number of parameters, thus, yielding significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Qianyu Long , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Shameem Puthiya Parambath , Daning Bi

Machine learning has brought significant advances in cybersecurity, particularly in the development of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). These improvements are mainly attributed to the ability of machine learning algorithms to identify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Sabrine Ennaji , Fabio De Gaspari , Dorjan Hitaj , Alicia Kbidi , Luigi V. Mancini

Deep neural networks (DNNs) for supervised learning can be viewed as a pipeline of a feature extractor (i.e. last hidden layer) and a linear classifier (i.e. output layer) that is trained jointly with stochastic gradient descent (SGD). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Xiangrui Li , Deng Pan , Xin Li , Dongxiao Zhu

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks pose an increasingly substantial cybersecurity threat to organizations across the globe. In this paper, we introduce a new deep learning-based technique for detecting DDoS attacks, a paramount…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Fernando Martinez , Mariyam Mapkar , Ali Alfatemi , Mohamed Rahouti , Yufeng Xin , Kaiqi Xiong , Nasir Ghani

Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) enables users to leverage powerful machine learning models through cloud-based APIs, offering scalability and ease of deployment. However, these services are vulnerable to model extraction attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Amit Chakraborty , Sayyed Farid Ahamed , Sandip Roy , Soumya Banerjee , Kevin Choi , Abdul Rahman , Alison Hu , Edward Bowen , Sachin Shetty

The increasing prevalence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, has generated a demand for reliable detection systems. The inappropriate use of drones presents potential security and privacy hazards, particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Misha Urooj Khan , Mahnoor Dil , Muhammad Zeshan Alam , Farooq Alam Orakazi , Abdullah M. Almasoud , Zeeshan Kaleem , Chau Yuen

Deep neural networks have been widely used in many critical applications, such as autonomous vehicles and medical diagnosis. However, their security is threatened by backdoor attacks, which are achieved by adding artificial patterns to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Dong Huang , Qingwen Bu

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates collaborative model training among distributed clients while ensuring that raw data remains on local devices.Despite this advantage, FL systems are still exposed to risks from malicious or unreliable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Deepthy K Bhaskar , Minimol B , Binu V P

Adversarial attacks pose significant challenges to Machine Learning (ML) systems and especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by subtly manipulating inputs to induce incorrect predictions. This paper investigates whether increasing the layer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mohamed ElShehaby , Ashraf Matrawy

Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, which are small and carefully crafted inputs that lead to incorrect predictions. In this paper, we propose DeepDefense, a novel defense framework that applies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ci Lin , Tet Yeap , Iluju Kiringa , Biwei Zhang

It is well-known that deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown remarkable success in many fields. However, when adding an imperceptible magnitude perturbation on the model input, the model performance might get rapid decrease. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Hao Yang , Min Wang , Zhengfei Yu , Yun Zhou

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are a key component for protecting Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, in Machine Learning-based (ML-based) IDSs, performance is often degraded by the strong class imbalance between benign and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Estela Sánchez-Carballo , Francisco M. Melgarejo-Meseguer , José Luis Rojo-Álvarez

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating within Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) encounter security challenges due to the dynamic and distributed nature of these networks. Previous studies focused predominantly on centralized intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ozlem Ceviz , Pinar Sadioglu , Sevil Sen , Vassilios G. Vassilakis

Dynamic malware analysis executes the program in an isolated environment and monitors its run-time behaviour (e.g. system API calls) for malware detection. This technique has been proven to be effective against various code obfuscation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Zhaoqi Zhang , Panpan Qi , Wei Wang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) models become one of the most valuable enterprise assets due to their critical roles in all aspects of applications. With the trend of privatization deployment of DNN models, the data leakage of the DNN models is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Yuankun Zhu , Yueqiang Cheng , Husheng Zhou , Yantao Lu

Recent advances in adversarial Deep Learning (DL) have opened up a largely unexplored surface for malicious attacks jeopardizing the integrity of autonomous DL systems. With the wide-spread usage of DL in critical and time-sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Bita Darvish Rouhani , Mohammad Samragh , Mojan Javaheripi , Tara Javidi , Farinaz Koushanfar

The widespread adoption of cloud computing, edge, and IoT has increased the attack surface for cyber threats. This is due to the large-scale deployment of often unsecured, heterogeneous devices with varying hardware and software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Simone Magnani , Liubov Nedoshivina , Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Stefano Braghin , Domenico Siracusa

Deep neural network (DNN) models have become prevalent in edge devices for real-time inference. However, they are vulnerable to model extraction attacks and require protection. Existing defense approaches either fail to fully safeguard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Ziyu Liu , Yukui Luo , Shijin Duan , Tong Zhou , Xiaolin Xu

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks pose a significant threat in the realm of AI systems security, causing substantial financial losses and downtime. However, AI systems' high computational demands, dynamic behavior, and data variability make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Paul Badu Yakubu , Evans Owusu , Lesther Santana , Mohamed Rahouti , Abdellah Chehri , Kaiqi Xiong