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Diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) have been emerging as a high-throughput and energy-efficient hardware platform to perform all-optical machine learning (ML) in machine vision systems. However, the current demonstrated…

Diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) have attracted lots of attention as they bring significant advantages in terms of power efficiency, parallelism, and computational speed compared with conventional deep neural networks (DNNs),…

Diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs), leveraging free-space light wave propagation for ultra-parallel, high-efficiency computing, have emerged as promising artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators. However, their inherent lack of…

Semantic segmentation and lane detection are crucial tasks in autonomous driving systems. Conventional approaches predominantly rely on deep neural networks (DNNs), which incur high energy costs due to extensive analog-to-digital…

Optical neural networks (ONNs) perform extensive computations using photons instead of electrons, resulting in passively energy-efficient and low-latency computing. Among various ONNs, the diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs)…

DONNs leverage light propagation for efficient analog AI and signal processing. Advances in nanophotonic fabrication and metasurface-based wavefront engineering have opened new pathways to realize high-capacity DONNs across various spectral…

Diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) have emerged as a promising optical hardware platform for ultra-fast and energy-efficient signal processing for machine learning tasks, particularly in computer vision. Previous experimental…

Edge intelligence is constrained by the energy and latency costs of shuttling data through electronic memory hierarchies. Optical systems offer a fundamentally different computational regime: once an input wavefront is launched into a…

We consider the problem of designing a diffractive neural network (DNN) consisting of a set of sequentially placed phase diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and intended for the optical solution of several given classification problems at…

As a representative next-generation device/circuit technology beyond CMOS, diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) have shown promising advantages over conventional deep neural networks due to extreme fast computation speed (light…

While Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in Design-to-Code generation, they suffer from a "holistic bottleneck-failing to reconcile high-level structural hierarchy with fine-grained visual details, often resulting in layout…

As deep neural network (DNN) models grow ever-larger, they can achieve higher accuracy and solve more complex problems. This trend has been enabled by an increase in available compute power; however, efforts to continue to scale electronic…

Hybrid refractive-diffractive lenses combine the light efficiency of refractive lenses with the information encoding power of diffractive optical elements (DOE), showing great potential as the next generation of imaging systems. However,…

Optical neural networks (ONNs) are emerging as a promising neuromorphic computing paradigm for object recognition, offering unprecedented advantages in light-speed computation, ultra-low power consumption, and inherent parallelism. However,…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) utilized recently are physically deployed with computational units (e.g., CPUs and GPUs). Such a design might lead to a heavy computational burden, significant latency, and intensive power consumption, which are…

As a representative of next-generation device/circuit technology beyond CMOS, physics-based neural networks such as Diffractive Optical Neural Networks (DONNs) have demonstrated promising advantages in computational speed and energy…

Diffractive neural network (DNN), which can perform machine learning tasks based on the light propagation and diffraction, has recently emerged as a promising optical computing paradigm due to its high parallel processing speed and low…

A wide range of practically important problems is nowadays efficiently solved using artificial neural networks. This gave momentum to intensive development of their optical implementations, among which, the so-called diffractive neural…

We introduce the Differentiable Weightless Neural Network (DWN), a model based on interconnected lookup tables. Training of DWNs is enabled by a novel Extended Finite Difference technique for approximate differentiation of binary values. We…

Diffractive deep neural network (DNNet) is a novel machine learning framework on the modulation of optical transmission. Diffractive network would get predictions at the speed of light. It's pure passive architecture, no additional power…