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Fraudulent activity in the financial industry costs billions annually. Detecting fraud, therefore, is an essential yet technically challenging task that requires carefully analyzing large volumes of data. While machine learning (ML)…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-04 Linh Nguyen , Marcel Boersma , Erman Acar

In railway infrastructure, construction and maintenance is typically procured using competitive procedures such as auctions. However, these procedures only fulfill their purpose - using (taxpayers') money efficiently - if bidders do not…

General Economics · Economics 2023-04-25 Hannes Wallimann , Silvio Sticher

This paper introduces a novel graph-analytic approach for detecting anomalies in network flow data called GraphPrints. Building on foundational network-mining techniques, our method represents time slices of traffic as a graph, then counts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Christopher R. Harshaw , Robert A. Bridges , Michael D. Iannacone , Joel W. Reed , John R. Goodall

This study proposes an algorithm for detecting suspicious behaviors in large payment flows based on deep generative models. By combining Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) and Variational Autoencoders (VAE), the algorithm is designed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Tengda Tang , Jianhua Yao , Yixian Wang , Qiuwu Sha , Hanrui Feng , Zhen Xu

This paper considers an important Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) task, namely open-set GAD, which aims to train a detection model using a small number of normal and anomaly nodes (referred to as seen anomalies) to detect both seen anomalies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Qizhou Wang , Guansong Pang , Mahsa Salehi , Xiaokun Xia , Christopher Leckie

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) has recently become a hot research spot due to its practicability and theoretical value. Since GAD emphasizes the application and the rarity of anomalous samples, enriching the varieties of its datasets is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Xuanwen Huang , Yang Yang , Yang Wang , Chunping Wang , Zhisheng Zhang , Jiarong Xu , Lei Chen , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Given a dynamic graph stream, how can we detect the sudden appearance of anomalous patterns, such as link spam, follower boosting, or denial of service attacks? Additionally, can we categorize the types of anomalies that occur in practice,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Minji Yoon , Bryan Hooi , Kijung Shin , Christos Faloutsos

Advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks remain difficult to detect due to their stealth, adaptability, and use of legitimate system components. Provenance-based intrusion detection systems (PIDS) offer a promising defense by capturing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Robin Buchta , Carsten Kleiner , Felix Heine , Gabi Dreo Rodosek

Life insurance, like other forms of insurance, relies heavily on large volumes of data. The business model is based on an exchange where companies receive payments in return for the promise to provide coverage in case of an accident. Thus,…

Applications · Statistics 2024-11-27 Andreas Groll , Akshat Khanna , Leonid Zeldin

Increasing the semantic understanding and contextual awareness of machine learning models is important for improving robustness and reducing susceptibility to data shifts. In this work, we leverage contextual awareness for the anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Nathan Vaska , Kevin Leahy , Victoria Helus

This study investigates fraud detection in ride hailing platforms through Graph Neural Networks (GNNs),focusing on the effectiveness of various models. By analyzing prevalent fraudulent activities, the research highlights and compares the…

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has received increasing attention in recent years, which aims to identify data anomalous patterns utilizing only unlabeled node information from graph-structured data. However, prevailing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jiazhen Chen , Xiuqin Liang , Sichao Fu , Zheng Ma , Weihua Ou

Graph classification aims to categorize graphs based on their structural and attribute features, with applications in diverse fields such as social network analysis and bioinformatics. Among the methods proposed to solve this task, those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lucas Potin , Rosa Figueiredo , Vincent Labatut , Christine Largeron

Graph-based anomaly detection finds numerous applications in the real-world. Thus, there exists extensive literature on the topic that has recently shifted toward deep detection models due to advances in deep learning and graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Lingxiao Zhao , Saurabh Sawlani , Arvind Srinivasan , Leman Akoglu

The detection and the quantification of anomalies in image data are critical tasks in industrial scenes such as detecting micro scratches on product. In recent years, due to the difficulty of defining anomalies and the limit of correcting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Masanari Kimura , Takashi Yanagihara

Conventional predictive Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) commonly employ deterministic weight matrices; therefore, their prediction is a point estimate. Such a deterministic nature in ANNs causes the limitations of using ANNs for medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Minhyeok Lee , Junhee Seok

Hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD), a crucial approach for many civilian and military applications, seeks to identify pixels with spectral signatures that are anomalous relative to a preponderance of background signatures. Significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Abu Hasnat Mohammad Rubaiyat , Jordan Vincent , Colin Olson

Graph anomaly detection on attributed networks has become a prevalent research topic due to its broad applications in many influential domains. In real-world scenarios, nodes and edges in attributed networks usually display distinct…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Shujie Yang , Binchi Zhang , Shangbin Feng , Zhaoxuan Tan , Qinghua Zheng , Jun Zhou , Minnan Luo

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are able to model the complex highdimensional distributions of real-world data, which suggests they could be effective for anomaly detection. However, few works have explored the use of GANs for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Houssam Zenati , Chuan Sheng Foo , Bruno Lecouat , Gaurav Manek , Vijay Ramaseshan Chandrasekhar

Illicit transaction detection is often driven by transaction level attributes however, fraudulent behavior may also manifest through network structure such as central hubs, high flow intermediaries, and coordinated neighborhoods. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hamideh Khaleghpour , Brett McKinney