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Federated learning has seen increased adoption in recent years in response to the growing regulatory demand for data privacy. However, the opaque local training process of federated learning also sparks rising concerns about model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Yuxi Mi , Yiheng Sun , Jihong Guan , Shuigeng Zhou

Federated Learning is an important emerging distributed training paradigm that keeps data private on clients. It is now well understood that by controlling only a small subset of FL clients, it is possible to introduce a backdoor to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Joseph Rance , Filip Svoboda

Deep Learning-based image synthesis techniques have been applied in healthcare research for generating medical images to support open research. Training generative adversarial neural networks (GAN) usually requires large amounts of training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Ruinan Jin , Xiaoxiao Li

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning process that uses a trusted aggregation server to allow multiple parties (or clients) to collaboratively train a machine learning model without having them share their private data. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jorge Castillo , Phillip Rieger , Hossein Fereidooni , Qian Chen , Ahmad Sadeghi

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) aims to enable collaborative training of deep learning models while maintaining privacy protection. However, the VFL procedure still has components that are vulnerable to attacks by malicious parties. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Andrei Semenov , Philip Zmushko , Alexander Pichugin , Aleksandr Beznosikov

Vertical federated learning (VFL) system has recently become prominent as a concept to process data distributed across many individual sources without the need to centralize it. Multiple participants collaboratively train models based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Qi Pang , Yuanyuan Yuan , Shuai Wang , Wenting Zheng

Vertical federated learning (VFL) enables multiple parties with disjoint features of a common user set to train a machine learning model without sharing their private data. Tree-based models have become prevalent in VFL due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hideaki Takahashi , Jingjing Liu , Yang Liu

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to train a model without compromising sensitive data. The decentralized nature of FL makes it susceptible to adversarial attacks, especially backdoor insertion during training. Recently, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Thuy Dung Nguyen , Anh Duy Nguyen , Kok-Seng Wong , Huy Hieu Pham , Thanh Hung Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Truong Thao Nguyen

A typical Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) scenario involves several participants collaboratively training a machine learning model, where each party has different features for the same samples, with labels held exclusively by one party.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Wenhao Jiang , Shaojing Fu , Yuchuan Luo , Lin Liu

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm proposed for privacy preservation. Unlike traditional centralized learning approaches, FL enables multiple users to collaboratively train a shared global model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hangyu Zhu , Liyuan Huang , Zhenping Xie

Backdoor attacks are dangerous and difficult to prevent in federated learning (FL), where training data is sourced from untrusted clients over long periods of time. These difficulties arise because: (a) defenders in FL do not have access to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Shuaiqi Wang , Jonathan Hayase , Giulia Fanti , Sewoong Oh

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train deep learning models while considering sensitive local datasets' privacy. However, adversaries can manipulate datasets and upload models by injecting triggers for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Zekai Chen , Fuyi Wang , Zhiwei Zheng , Ximeng Liu , Yujie Lin

The decentralized nature of federated learning makes detecting and defending against adversarial attacks a challenging task. This paper focuses on backdoor attacks in the federated learning setting, where the goal of the adversary is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Ziteng Sun , Peter Kairouz , Ananda Theertha Suresh , H. Brendan McMahan

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, yet most existing methods are limited by fixed-pattern or single-target triggers, making them inflexible and easier to detect. We propose FLAT (FL Arbitrary-Target Attack), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Tuan Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

Federated learning is a decentralized machine learning approach where clients train models locally and share model updates to develop a global model. This enables low-resource devices to collaboratively build a high-quality model without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Li Bai , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Haoyang Li , Leixia Wang , Jianliang Xu

Existing approaches defend against backdoor attacks in federated learning (FL) mainly through a) mitigating the impact of infected models, or b) excluding infected models. The former negatively impacts model accuracy, while the latter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhen Qin , Feiyi Chen , Chen Zhi , Xueqiang Yan , Shuiguang Deng

This review paper takes a comprehensive look at malicious attacks against FL, categorizing them from new perspectives on attack origins and targets, and providing insights into their methodology and impact. In this survey, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Xianghua Xie , Chen Hu , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng

Federated learning security research has predominantly focused on backdoor threats from a minority of malicious clients that intentionally corrupt model updates. This paper challenges this paradigm by investigating a more pervasive and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Haodong Zhao , Jinming Hu , Gongshen Liu

Vertical federated learning (VFL) is an emerging paradigm that enables collaborators to build machine learning models together in a distributed fashion. In general, these parties have a group of users in common but own different features.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Pengyu Qiu , Xuhong Zhang , Shouling Ji , Changjiang Li , Yuwen Pu , Xing Yang , Ting Wang

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a paradigm for conducting machine learning across broad and decentralized datasets, promising enhanced privacy by obviating the need for direct data sharing. However, recent studies show that attackers can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xueluan Gong , Yuji Wang , Shuaike Li , Mengyuan Sun , Songze Li , Qian Wang , Kwok-Yan Lam , Chen Chen