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The understanding of bias in AI is currently undergoing a revolution. Initially understood as errors or flaws, biases are increasingly recognized as integral to AI systems and sometimes preferable to less biased alternatives. In this paper,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Gabriella Waters , Phillip Honenberger

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) are trained on data that inherently contains gender biases, leading to undesirable impacts. Traditional debiasing methods often rely on external corpora, which may lack quality, diversity, or demographic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Liu Yu , Ludie Guo , Ping Kuang , Fan Zhou

Chatbots have been studied for more than half a century. With the rapid development of natural language processing (NLP) technologies in recent years, chatbots using large language models (LLMs) have received much attention nowadays.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jintang Xue , Yun-Cheng Wang , Chengwei Wei , Xiaofeng Liu , Jonghye Woo , C. -C. Jay Kuo

Detecting and mitigating harmful biases in modern language models are widely recognized as crucial, open problems. In this paper, we take a step back and investigate how language models come to be biased in the first place. We use a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Oskar van der Wal , Jaap Jumelet , Katrin Schulz , Willem Zuidema

Although recent years have brought significant progress in improving translation of unambiguously gendered sentences, translation of ambiguously gendered input remains relatively unexplored. When source gender is ambiguous, machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Spencer Rarrick , Ranjita Naik , Varun Mathur , Sundar Poudel , Vishal Chowdhary

Transformer, as one of the most advanced neural network models in Natural Language Processing (NLP), exhibits diverse applications in the field of anomaly detection. To inspire research on Transformer-based anomaly detection, this review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Mingrui Ma , Lansheng Han , Chunjie Zhou

Many ML models are opaque to humans, producing decisions too complex for humans to easily understand. In response, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) tools that analyze the inner workings of a model have been created. Despite these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Kiana Alikhademi , Brianna Richardson , Emma Drobina , Juan E. Gilbert

Human biases have been shown to influence the performance of models and algorithms in various fields, including Natural Language Processing. While the study of this phenomenon is garnering focus in recent years, the available resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Ana Sofia Evans , Helena Moniz , Luísa Coheur

Speech-aware Language Models (SpeechLMs) have fundamentally transformed human-AI interaction by enabling voice-based communication, yet they may exhibit acoustic-based gender differentiation where identical questions lead to different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Junhyuk Choi , Jihwan Seol , Nayeon Kim , Chanhee Cho , EunBin Cho , Bugeun Kim

Model fairness is an essential element for Trustworthy AI. While many techniques for model fairness have been proposed, most of them assume that the training and deployment data distributions are identical, which is often not true in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yuji Roh , Kangwook Lee , Steven Euijong Whang , Changho Suh

Sociodemographic bias in language models (LMs) has the potential for harm when deployed in real-world settings. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the past decade of research on sociodemographic bias in LMs, organized into a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Vipul Gupta , Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Shomir Wilson , Rebecca J. Passonneau

Large language models (LLMs) often inherit and amplify social biases embedded in their training data. A prominent social bias is gender bias. In this regard, prior work has mainly focused on gender stereotyping bias - the association of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Erik Derner , Sara Sansalvador de la Fuente , Yoan Gutiérrez , Paloma Moreda , Nuria Oliver

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to evolve, they are increasingly being employed in numerous studies to simulate societies and execute diverse social tasks. However, LLMs are susceptible to societal biases due to their exposure to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Angana Borah , Rada Mihalcea

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their susceptibility to biases poses significant challenges. This comprehensive review examines the landscape of bias in LLMs, from its origins to current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yufei Guo , Muzhe Guo , Juntao Su , Zhou Yang , Mengqiu Zhu , Hongfei Li , Mengyang Qiu , Shuo Shuo Liu

From massive face-recognition-based surveillance and machine-learning-based decision systems predicting crime recidivism rates, to the move towards automated health diagnostic systems, artificial intelligence (AI) is being used in scenarios…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Timnit Gebru

Ensuring fairness in transaction fraud detection models is vital due to the potential harms and legal implications of biased decision-making. Despite extensive research on algorithmic fairness, there is a notable gap in the study of bias in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Yulu Pi , Stuart Burrell , Eleanor Drage , Piotr Skalski , Jason Wong , David Sutton

Machine learning has significantly enhanced the abilities of robots, enabling them to perform a wide range of tasks in human environments and adapt to our uncertain real world. Recent works in various machine learning domains have…

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence, particularly in Large Language Models (LLMs), have transformed natural language processing by improving generative capabilities. However, detecting biases embedded within these models remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Suvendu Mohanty

The ethical implications and social impacts of artificial intelligence have become topics of compelling interest to industry, researchers in academia, and the public. However, current analyses of AI in a global context are biased toward…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Alexa Hagerty , Igor Rubinov

This study delves into gender classification systems, shedding light on the interaction between social stereotypes and algorithmic determinations. Drawing on the "averageness theory," which suggests a relationship between a face's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Miriam Doh , Anastasia Karagianni
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