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A powerful simulator highly decreases the need for real-world tests when training and evaluating autonomous vehicles. Data-driven simulators flourished with the recent advancement of conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Saeed Saadatnejad , Siyuan Li , Taylor Mordan , Alexandre Alahi

Vehicle Re-identification (ReID) is an important yet challenging problem in computer vision. Compared to other visual objects like faces and persons, vehicles simultaneously exhibit much larger intraclass viewpoint variations and interclass…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Jiangtao Kong , Yu Cheng , Benjia Zhou , Kai Li , Junliang Xing

Driving simulation plays a crucial role in developing reliable driving agents by providing controlled, evaluative environments. To enable meaningful assessments, a high-quality driving simulator must satisfy several key requirements:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Junzhe Jiang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

In Autonomous Driving (AD), detection and tracking of obstacles on the roads is a critical task. Deep-learning based methods using annotated LiDAR data have been the most widely adopted approach for this. Unfortunately, annotating 3D point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Jin Fang , Dingfu Zhou , Feilong Yan , Tongtong Zhao , Feihu Zhang , Yu Ma , Liang Wang , Ruigang Yang

This research addresses the need for high-definition (HD) maps for autonomous vehicles (AVs), focusing on road lane information derived from aerial imagery. While Earth observation data offers valuable resources for map creation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Willow Liu , Shuxin Qiao , Kyle Gao , Hongjie He , Michael A. Chapman , Linlin Xu , Jonathan Li

Data scarcity is a bottleneck to machine learning-based perception modules, usually tackled by augmenting real data with synthetic data from simulators. Realistic models of the vehicle perception sensors are hard to formulate in closed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-03 Ahmad El Sallab , Ibrahim Sobh , Mohamed Zahran , Mohamed Shawky

Autonomous-driving research has recently embraced deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a promising framework for data-driven decision making, yet a clear picture of how these algorithms are currently employed, benchmarked and evaluated is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Elahe Delavari , Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

In this paper, we introduce the notion of neural simulation gap functions, which formally quantifies the gap between the mathematical model and the model in the high-fidelity simulator, which closely resembles reality. Many times, a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 P Sangeerth , Pushpak Jagtap

Autonomous vehicles are equipped with a multi-modal sensor setup to enable the car to drive safely. The initial calibration of such perception sensors is a highly matured topic and is routinely done in an automated factory environment.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Arya Rachman , Jürgen Seiler , André Kaup

We introduce the Precise Synthetic Image and LiDAR (PreSIL) dataset for autonomous vehicle perception. Grand Theft Auto V (GTA V), a commercial video game, has a large detailed world with realistic graphics, which provides a diverse data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Braden Hurl , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Steven Waslander

Comprehensive testing of autonomous systems through simulation is essential to ensure the safety of autonomous driving vehicles. This requires the generation of safety-critical scenarios that extend beyond the limitations of real-world data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hao Li , Chenming Wu , Ming Yuan , Yan Zhang , Chen Zhao , Chunyu Song , Haocheng Feng , Errui Ding , Dingwen Zhang , Jingdong Wang

Photorealistic simulation plays a crucial role in applications such as autonomous driving, where advances in neural radiance fields (NeRFs) may allow better scalability through the automatic creation of digital 3D assets. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Shanlin Sun , Bingbing Zhuang , Ziyu Jiang , Buyu Liu , Xiaohui Xie , Manmohan Chandraker

Image-based learning methods for autonomous vehicle perception tasks require large quantities of labelled, real data in order to properly train without overfitting, which can often be incredibly costly. While leveraging the power of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Nithin Raghavan , Punarjay Chakravarty , Shubham Shrivastava

Recent research on Large Language Models for autonomous driving shows promise in planning and control. However, high computational demands and hallucinations still challenge accurate trajectory prediction and control signal generation.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Ziang Guo , Zakhar Yagudin , Artem Lykov , Mikhail Konenkov , Dzmitry Tsetserukou

Nowadays, autonomous vehicles are gaining traction due to their numerous potential applications in resolving a variety of other real-world challenges. However, developing autonomous vehicles need huge amount of training and testing before…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Jumman Hossain

Annotating objects with 3D bounding boxes in LiDAR pointclouds is a costly human driven process in an autonomous driving perception system. In this paper, we present a method to semi-automatically annotate real-world pointclouds collected…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Weishuang Zhang , B Ravi Kiran , Thomas Gauthier , Yanis Mazouz , Theo Steger

The tremendous hype around autonomous driving is eagerly calling for emerging and novel technologies to support advanced mobility use cases. As car manufactures keep developing SAE level 3+ systems to improve the safety and comfort of…

High infraction rates remain the primary bottleneck for end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving, as evidenced by the low driving scores on the CARLA Leaderboard. Despite collision-related infractions being the dominant failure mode in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alex Koran , Dimitrios Sinodinos , Hadi Hojjati , Takuya Nanri , Fangge Chen , Narges Armanfard

This paper uses a graphic engine to simulate a large amount of training data with free annotations. Between synthetic and real data, there is a two-level domain gap, i.e., content level and appearance level. While the latter has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Yue Yao , Liang Zheng , Xiaodong Yang , Milind Naphade , Tom Gedeon

High quality perception is essential for autonomous driving (AD) systems. To reach the accuracy and robustness that are required by such systems, several types of sensors must be combined. Currently, mostly cameras and laser scanners…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-27 A. Ouaknine , A. Newson , J. Rebut , F. Tupin , P. Pérez