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Recently, Graph Neural Network (GNN) has achieved remarkable success in various real-world problems on graph data. However in most industries, data exists in the form of isolated islands and the data privacy and security is also an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Xiang Ni , Xiaolong Xu , Lingjuan Lyu , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang

Diffusion models are powerful generative models in continuous data domains such as image and video data. Discrete graph diffusion models (DGDMs) have recently extended them for graph generation, which are crucial in fields like molecule and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jiawen Wang , Samin Karim , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have found successful applications in various graph-related tasks. However, recent studies have shown that many GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In a vast majority of existing studies, adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Junyuan Fang , Haixian Wen , Jiajing Wu , Qi Xuan , Zibin Zheng , Chi K. Tse

Graph Prompt Learning (GPL) has been introduced as a promising approach that uses prompts to adapt pre-trained GNN models to specific downstream tasks without requiring fine-tuning of the entire model. Despite the advantages of GPL, little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Minhua Lin , Zhiwei Zhang , Enyan Dai , Zongyu Wu , Yilong Wang , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved a great success in various computer vision tasks, it is recently found that they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we focus on the so-called \textit{backdoor attack},…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hao Cheng , Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin

Federated learning has attracted much research attention due to its privacy protection in distributed machine learning. However, existing work of federated learning mainly focuses on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Fahao Chen , Peng Li , Toshiaki Miyazaki , Celimuge Wu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing interests. With broad deployments of GNNs in real-world applications, there is an urgent need for understanding the robustness of GNNs under adversarial attacks, especially in realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Jiaqi Ma , Junwei Deng , Qiaozhu Mei

Graph-structured data is prevalent in many real-world applications, including social networks, financial systems, and molecular biology. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the de facto standard for learning from such data due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kunhao Li , Di Wu , Jun Bai , Jing Xu , Lei Yang , Ziyi Zhang , Yiliao Song , Wencheng Yang , Taotao Cai , Yan Li

Link prediction in graph data uses various algorithms and Graph Nerual Network (GNN) models to predict potential relationships between graph nodes. These techniques have found widespread use in numerous real-world applications, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mingchen Li , Di Zhuang , Keyu Chen , Dumindu Samaraweera , Morris Chang

Federated Graph Learning (FedGL) is vulnerable to malicious attacks, yet developing a truly effective and stealthy attack method remains a significant challenge. Existing attack methods suffer from low attack success rates, high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jinshan Liu , Ken Li , Jiazhe Wei , Bin Shi , Bo Dong

Graph neural network (GNN) is widely used for recommendation to model high-order interactions between users and items. Existing GNN-based recommendation methods rely on centralized storage of user-item graphs and centralized model learning.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Yang Cao , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Due to inappropriate sample selection and limited training data, a distribution shift often exists between the training and test sets. This shift can adversely affect the test performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Rui Ding , Jielong Yang , Feng Ji , Xionghu Zhong , Linbo Xie

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications, such as recommendation, drug discovery, and question answering. Behind the success of GNNs lies the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Namyong Park , Xing Wang , Antoine Simoulin , Shuai Yang , Grey Yang , Ryan Rossi , Puja Trivedi , Nesreen Ahmed

Despite the promise of Federated Learning (FL) for privacy-preserving model training on distributed data, it remains susceptible to backdoor attacks. These attacks manipulate models by embedding triggers (specific input patterns) in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Tuan Nguyen , Dung Thuy Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

A graph neural network (GNN) is a type of neural network that is specifically designed to process graph-structured data. Typically, GNNs can be implemented in two settings, including the transductive setting and the inductive setting. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Yixin Wu , Xinlei He , Pascal Berrang , Mathias Humbert , Michael Backes , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Yang Zhang

This paper studies the vulnerability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to adversarial attacks on node features and graph structure. Various methods have implemented adversarial training to augment graph data, aiming to bolster the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinluan Yang , Ruihao Zhang , Zhengyu Chen , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning technique that enables individual clients (e.g., user participants, edge devices, or organizations) to train a model on their local data in a secure environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Waris Gill , Ali Anwar , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the integrity and reliability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, enabling adversaries to manipulate model behavior by injecting poisoned data with hidden triggers. These attacks can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Osama Wehbi , Sarhad Arisdakessian , Omar Abdel Wahab , Azzam Mourad , Hadi Otrok , Jamal Bentahar

Graph neural networks (GNNs) demonstrate a robust capability for representation learning on graphs with complex structures, showcasing superior performance in various applications. The majority of existing GNNs employ a graph convolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinlu Wang , Jipeng Guo , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Shaofan Wang , Yachao Yang , Baocai Yin

Recent researches demonstrate that Deep Neural Networks (DNN) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. The backdoored DNN model will behave maliciously when images containing backdoor triggers arrive. To date, existing backdoor attacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingfu Xue , Shifeng Ni , Yinghao Wu , Yushu Zhang , Jian Wang , Weiqiang Liu