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With their high energy efficiency, processing-in-memory (PIM) arrays are increasingly used for convolutional neural network (CNN) inference. In PIM-based CNN inference, the computational latency and energy are dependent on how the CNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Johnny Rhe , Sungmin Moon , Jong Hwan Ko

Many FPGAs vendors have recently included embedded processors in their devices, like Xilinx with ARM-Cortex A cores, together with programmable logic cells. These devices are known as Programmable System on Chip (PSoC). Their ARM cores…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-05 A. Rios-Navarro , R. Tapiador-Morales , A. Jimenez-Fernandez , M. Dominguez-Morales , C. Amaya , A. Linares-Barranco

We present a high-speed, energy-efficient Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture utilising the capabilities of a unique class of devices known as analog Focal Plane Sensor Processors (FPSP), in which the sensor and the processor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Matthew Z. Wong , Benoit Guillard , Riku Murai , Sajad Saeedi , Paul H. J. Kelly

Convolution operations are foundational to classical image processing and modern deep learning architectures, yet their extension into the quantum domain has remained algorithmically and physically costly due to inefficient data encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Mohammad Rasoul Roshanshah , Payman Kazemikhah , Hossein Aghababa

Inference of standard convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on FPGAs often incurs high latency and a long initiation interval due to the deep nested loops required to densely convolve every input pixel regardless of its feature value.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ho Fung Tsoi , Dylan Rankin , Vladimir Loncar , Philip Harris

Quantization is used to speed up execution time and save power when runnning Deep neural networks (DNNs) on edge devices like AI chips. To investigate the effect of quantization, we need performing inference after quantizing the weights of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Masato Kiyama , Motoki Amagasaki , Masahiro Iida

Most state-of-the-art Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) can be defined as a form of graph convolution which can be realized by message passing between direct neighbors or beyond. To scale such GNNs to large graphs, various neighbor-, layer-, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mucong Ding , Kezhi Kong , Jingling Li , Chen Zhu , John P Dickerson , Furong Huang , Tom Goldstein

We introduce a method to train Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) --- neural networks with extremely low precision (e.g., 1-bit) weights and activations, at run-time. At train-time the quantized weights and activations are used for computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Itay Hubara , Matthieu Courbariaux , Daniel Soudry , Ran El-Yaniv , Yoshua Bengio

The emergence of heterogeneity and domain-specific architectures targeting deep learning inference show great potential for enabling the deployment of modern CNNs on resource-constrained embedded platforms. A significant development is the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Dmitri Lyalikov

We provide a new efficient version of the backpropagation algorithm, specialized to the case where the weights of the neural network being trained are sparse. Our algorithm is general, as it applies to arbitrary (unstructured) sparsity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Mahdi Nikdan , Tommaso Pegolotti , Eugenia Iofinova , Eldar Kurtic , Dan Alistarh

We present Point-Voxel CNN (PVCNN) for efficient, fast 3D deep learning. Previous work processes 3D data using either voxel-based or point-based NN models. However, both approaches are computationally inefficient. The computation cost and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Zhijian Liu , Haotian Tang , Yujun Lin , Song Han

Brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted attention for their event-driven characteristics and high energy efficiency. However, the temporal dependency and irregularity of spikes present significant challenges for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Kainan Wang , Chengyi Yang , Chengting Yu , Yee Sin Ang , Bo Wang , Aili Wang

This work introduces a new training and compression pipeline to build Nested Sparse ConvNets, a class of dynamic Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) suited for inference tasks deployed on resource-constrained devices at the edge of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Matteo Grimaldi , Luca Mocerino , Antonio Cipolletta , Andrea Calimera

Event-based sensors are drawing increasing attention due to their high temporal resolution, low power consumption, and low bandwidth. To efficiently extract semantically meaningful information from sparse data streams produced by such…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Alfio Di Mauro , Arpan Suravi Prasad , Zhikai Huang , Matteo Spallanzani , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini

QMCPACK has enabled cutting-edge materials research on supercomputers for over a decade. It scales nearly ideally but has low single-node efficiency due to the physics-based abstractions using array-of-structures objects, causing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-08-10 Amrita Mathuriya , Ye Luo , Raymond C. Clay , Anouar Benali , Luke Shulenburger , Jeongnim Kim

Herein, a bit-wise Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in-memory accelerator is implemented using Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (SOT-MRAM) computational sub-arrays. It utilizes a novel AND-Accumulation method capable of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Arman Roohi , Shaahin Angizi , Deliang Fan , Ronald F DeMara

In this paper, we present Ara, a 64-bit vector processor based on the version 0.5 draft of RISC-V's vector extension, implemented in GlobalFoundries 22FDX FD-SOI technology. Ara's microarchitecture is scalable, as it is composed of a set of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Matheus Cavalcante , Fabian Schuiki , Florian Zaruba , Michael Schaffner , Luca Benini

Spike sorting is a valuable tool in understanding brain regions. It assigns detected spike waveforms to their origins, helping to research the mechanism of the human brain and the development of implantable brain-machine interfaces (iBMIs).…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Xiaoyu Jiang , Tao Fang , Majid Zamani

Model quantization is a widely used technique to compress and accelerate deep neural network (DNN) inference. Emergent DNN hardware accelerators begin to support mixed precision (1-8 bits) to further improve the computation efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Kuan Wang , Zhijian Liu , Yujun Lin , Ji Lin , Song Han

Deep convolution Neural Network (DCNN) has been widely used in computer vision tasks. However, for edge devices even inference has too large computational complexity and data access amount. The inference latency of state-of-the-art models…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kuan-Ting Lin , Ching-Te Chiu , Jheng-Yi Chang , Shi-Zong Huang , Yu-Ting Li