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This paper presents a state representation framework for Markov decision processes (MDPs) that can be learned solely from state trajectories, requiring neither reward signals nor the actions executed by the agent. We propose learning the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Lorenzo Steccanella , Joshua B. Evans , Özgür Şimşek , Anders Jonsson

Alignment of large language models remains a central challenge in natural language processing. Preference optimization has emerged as a popular and effective method for improving alignment, typically through training-time or prompt-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Frédéric Berdoz , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , René Caky , Roger Wattenhofer

Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) is a broad family of imitation learning methods designed to mimic expert behaviors from demonstrations. While AIL has shown state-of-the-art performance on imitation learning with only small number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Ruohan Wang , Carlo Ciliberto , Pierluigi Amadori , Yiannis Demiris

Imitation learning addresses the challenge of learning by observing an expert's demonstrations without access to reward signals from environments. Most existing imitation learning methods that do not require interacting with environments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Shang-Fu Chen , Hsiang-Chun Wang , Ming-Hao Hsu , Chun-Mao Lai , Shao-Hua Sun

A learning dialogue agent can infer its behaviour from interactions with the users. These interactions can be taken from either human-to-human or human-machine conversations. However, human interactions are scarce and costly, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Thibault Cordier , Tanguy Urvoy , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Fabrice Lefèvre

The ability to learn reward functions plays an important role in enabling the deployment of intelligent agents in the real world. However, comparing reward functions, for example as a means of evaluating reward learning methods, presents a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Blake Wulfe , Ashwin Balakrishna , Logan Ellis , Jean Mercat , Rowan McAllister , Adrien Gaidon

Imitation learning trains policies to map from input observations to the actions that an expert would choose. In this setting, distribution shift frequently exacerbates the effect of misattributing expert actions to nuisance correlates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Chuan Wen , Jierui Lin , Trevor Darrell , Dinesh Jayaraman , Yang Gao

Imitation Learning (IL) aims to discover a policy by minimizing the discrepancy between the agent's behavior and expert demonstrations. However, IL is susceptible to limitations imposed by noisy demonstrations from non-expert behaviors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Ye Yuan , Xin Li , Yong Heng , Leiji Zhang , MingZhong Wang

We propose a domain adaptation method, MoDA, which adapts a pretrained embodied agent to a new, noisy environment without ground-truth supervision. Map-based memory provides important contextual information for visual navigation, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Eun Sun Lee , Junho Kim , SangWon Park , Young Min Kim

A Membership Inference Attack (MIA) assesses how much a target machine learning model reveals about its training data by determining whether specific query instances were part of the training set. State-of-the-art MIAs rely on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yuntao Du , Yuetian Chen , Hanshen Xiao , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Imitation learning is a class of promising policy learning algorithms that is free from many practical issues with reinforcement learning, such as the reward design issue and the exploration hardness. However, the current imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Qifeng Chen , Yang Gao

Many modern methods for imitation learning and inverse reinforcement learning, such as GAIL or AIRL, are based on an adversarial formulation. These methods apply GANs to match the expert's distribution over states and actions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Oleg Arenz , Gerhard Neumann

Simulation-based inference enables learning the parameters of a model even when its likelihood cannot be computed in practice. One class of methods uses data simulated with different parameters to infer models of the likelihood-to-evidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Giulio Isacchini , Natanael Spisak , Armita Nourmohammad , Thierry Mora , Aleksandra M. Walczak

The multi-armed bandit (MAB) model is one of the most classical models to study decision-making in an uncertain environment. In this model, a player chooses one of $K$ possible arms of a bandit machine to play at each time step, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Bo Li , Chi Ho Yeung

Current approaches to embodied AI tend to learn policies from expert demonstrations. However, without a mechanism to evaluate the quality of demonstrated actions, they are limited to learning from optimal behaviour, or they risk replicating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sabrina McCallum , Amit Parekh , Alessandro Suglia

Classically, imitation learning algorithms have been developed for idealized situations, e.g., the demonstrations are often required to be collected in the exact same environment and usually include the demonstrator's actions. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Faraz Torabi , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

This paper presents a novel framework for automatic learning of complex strategies in human decision making. The task that we are interested in is to better facilitate long term planning for complex, multi-step events. We observe temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Tharindu Fernando , Simon Denman , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

Imitation learning is a powerful paradigm for training robotic policies, yet its performance is limited by compounding errors: minor policy inaccuracies could drive robots into unseen out-of-distribution (OOD) states in the training set,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anlan Yu , Zaishu Chen , Peili Song , Zhiqing Hong , Haotian Wang , Desheng Zhang , Tian He , Yi Ding , Daqing Zhang

Adversarial methods for imitation learning have been shown to perform well on various control tasks. However, they require a large number of environment interactions for convergence. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end differentiable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Vaibhav Saxena , Srinivasan Sivanandan , Pulkit Mathur

Imitation learning from human motion capture (MoCap) data provides a promising way to train humanoid robots. However, due to differences in morphology, such as varying degrees of joint freedom and force limits, exact replication of human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wenshuai Zhao , Yi Zhao , Joni Pajarinen , Michael Muehlebach