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In this work, we explore how probabilistic programs can be used to represent policies in sequential decision problems. In this formulation, a probabilistic program is a black-box stochastic simulator for both the problem domain and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-05 Jan-Willem van de Meent , Brooks Paige , David Tolpin , Frank Wood

Vector embeddings have been successfully applied in several domains to obtain effective representations of non-numeric data which can then be used in various downstream tasks. We present a novel application of vector embeddings in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ethan Baron , Bram Janssens , Matthias Bogaert

The core principle of Variational Inference (VI) is to convert the statistical inference problem of computing complex posterior probability densities into a tractable optimization problem. This property enables VI to be faster than several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Ankush Ganguly , Sanjana Jain , Ukrit Watchareeruetai

We propose a general framework for policy representation for reinforcement learning tasks. This framework involves finding a low-dimensional embedding of the policy on a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). The usage of RKHS based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Bogdan Mazoure , Thang Doan , Tianyu Li , Vladimir Makarenkov , Joelle Pineau , Doina Precup , Guillaume Rabusseau

Despite the recent success of instruction-tuned language models and their ubiquitous usage, very little is known of how models process instructions internally. In this work, we address this gap from a mechanistic point of view by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Irina Bigoulaeva , Jonas Rohweder , Subhabrata Dutta , Iryna Gurevych

We compare policy differences across institutions by embedding representations of the entire legal corpus of each institution and the vocabulary shared across all corpora into a continuous vector space. We apply our method, Gov2Vec, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-27 John J. Nay

Text from social media provides a set of challenges that can cause traditional NLP approaches to fail. Informal language, spelling errors, abbreviations, and special characters are all commonplace in these posts, leading to a prohibitively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Bhuwan Dhingra , Zhong Zhou , Dylan Fitzpatrick , Michael Muehl , William W. Cohen

Performing inference on deep learning models for videos remains a challenge due to the large amount of computational resources required to achieve robust recognition. An inherent property of real-world videos is the high correlation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Bowen Pan , Rameswar Panda , Camilo Fosco , Chung-Ching Lin , Alex Andonian , Yue Meng , Kate Saenko , Aude Oliva , Rogerio Feris

A key question in reinforcement learning is how an intelligent agent can generalize knowledge across different inputs. By generalizing across different inputs, information learned for one input can be immediately reused for improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Lucas Lehnert , Michael L. Littman

We present numerical simulations of a model of social influence, where the opinion of each agent is represented by a binary vector. Agents adjust their opinions as a result of random encounters, whenever the difference between opinions is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. F. Laguna , Guillermo Abramson , Damian H. Zanette

Off-policy learning algorithms have been known to be sensitive to the choice of hyper-parameters. However, unlike near on-policy algorithms for which hyper-parameters could be optimized via e.g. meta-gradients, similar techniques could not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yunhao Tang , Krzysztof Choromanski

Black box variational inference allows researchers to easily prototype and evaluate an array of models. Recent advances allow such algorithms to scale to high dimensions. However, a central question remains: How to specify an expressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-01 Rajesh Ranganath , Dustin Tran , David M. Blei

Structural identity is a concept of symmetry in which network nodes are identified according to the network structure and their relationship to other nodes. Structural identity has been studied in theory and practice over the past decades,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Pedro H. P. Savarese , Daniel R. Figueiredo

Automated sentiment analysis and opinion mining is a complex process concerning the extraction of useful subjective information from text. The explosion of user generated content on the Web, especially the fact that millions of users, on a…

The ability to transfer skills across tasks has the potential to scale up reinforcement learning (RL) agents to environments currently out of reach. Recently, a framework based on two ideas, successor features (SFs) and generalised policy…

Predictive models are often introduced to decision-making tasks under the rationale that they improve performance over an existing decision-making policy. However, it is challenging to compare predictive performance against an existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Luke Guerdan , Amanda Coston , Kenneth Holstein , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Model-based algorithms, which learn a dynamics model from logged experience and perform some sort of pessimistic planning under the learned model, have emerged as a promising paradigm for offline reinforcement learning (offline RL).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Tianhe Yu , Aviral Kumar , Rafael Rafailov , Aravind Rajeswaran , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Predicting the future trajectory of a moving agent can be easy when the past trajectory continues smoothly but is challenging when complex interactions with other agents are involved. Recent deep learning approaches for trajectory…

This paper investigates the problem of online prediction learning, where learning proceeds continuously as the agent interacts with an environment. The predictions made by the agent are contingent on a particular way of behaving,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Sina Ghiassian , Andrew Patterson , Martha White , Richard S. Sutton , Adam White

As machine learning systems become more ubiquitous, methods for understanding and interpreting these models become increasingly important. In particular, practitioners are often interested both in what features the model relies on and how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Andrew Yeh , Anhthy Ngo