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A sudden change in the macroscopic parameters of a system will cause it to depart from equilibrium. In this paper we study how a lack of change can also inform of such a departure, and allow for work extraction. Potential events that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-03 Sushrut Ghonge , Dervis Can Vural

The interplay between thermodynamics and information theory has a long history, but its quantitative manifestations are still being explored. We import tools from expected utility theory from economics into stochastic thermodynamics. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-14 Andres F. Ducuara , Paul Skrzypczyk , Francesco Buscemi , Peter Sidajaya , Valerio Scarani

We extend the theory of stochastic thermodynamics in three directions: (i) instead of a continuously monitored system we consider measurements only at an arbitrary set of discrete times, (ii) we allow for imperfect measurements and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-08-27 Philipp Strasberg , Andreas Winter

A demonic being, introduced by Maxwell, to miraculously create thermal non-equilibrium and violate the Second law of thermodynamics, has been among the most intriguing and elusive wishful concepts for over 150 years. Maxwell and his…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 Milivoje M. Kostic

We study the reduction in total entropy, and associated conversion of environmental heat into work, arising from the coupling and decoupling of two systems followed by processing determined by suitable mutual feedback. The scheme is based…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-10 Ian J. Ford , Michael Maitland

Using a double-well potential as a physical memory, we study with experiments and numerical simulations the energy exchanges during erasure processes, and model quantitatively the cost of fast operation. Within the stochastic thermodynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-22 Salambô Dago , Ludovic Bellon

The limit of energy saving in the control of small systems has recently attracted much interest due to the concept refinement of the Maxwell demon. Inspired by a newly proposed set of fluctuation theorems, we report the first experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 L. -L. Yan , J. -T. Bu , Q. Zeng , K. Zhang , K. -F. Cui , F. Zhou , S. -L. Su , L. Chen , J. Wang , Gang Chen , M. Feng

Quantum measurement of a system can change its mean energy, as well as entropy. A selective measurement (classical or quantum) can be used as a "Maxwell's demon" to power a single-temperature heat engine, by decreasing the entropy. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-05 Noam Erez

We consider a Brownian particle confined by an external potential and subject to stochastic resetting to the origin. Motivated by the repetitive nature of the dynamics, we describe the process as a thermodynamic cycle of thermal expansion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-28 Oded Farago

In mathematical physical analyses of Szilard's engine and Maxwell's demon, a general assumption (explicit or implicit) is that one can neglect the energy needed for relocating the piston in Szilard's engine and for driving the trap door in…

General Physics · Physics 2012-06-26 Laszlo B. Kish , Claes G. Granqvist

Stochastic thermodynamics is formulated under the assumption of perfect knowledge of all thermodynamic parameters. However, in any real-world experiment, there is non-zero uncertainty about the precise value of temperatures, chemical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-11 Jan Korbel , David H. Wolpert

Partial resetting, whereby a state variable $x(t)$ is reset at random times to a value $a x (t)$, $0\leq a \leq 1$, generalizes conventional resetting by introducing the resetting strength $a$ as a parameter. Partial resetting generates a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-21 Kristian Stølevik Olsen , Deepak Gupta

Key to biological success, the requisite variety that confronts an adaptive organism is the set of detectable, accessible, and controllable states in its environment. We analyze its role in the thermodynamic functioning of information…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-26 Alexander B. Boyd , Dibyendu Mandal , James P. Crutchfield

The essence of both classical and quantum engines is to extract useful energy (work) from stochastic energy sources, e.g. thermal baths. In Maxwell's demon engines, work extraction is assisted by a feedback control based on measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-11 Cyril Elouard , David Herrera-Martí , Benjamin Huard , Alexia Auffèves

Landauer argued that the process of erasing the information stored in a memory device incurs an energy cost in the form of a minimum amount of mechanical work. We find, however, that this energy cost can be reduced to zero by paying a cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-02 Joan A. Vaccaro , Stephen M. Barnett

We present a pedagogical review of the fundamental concepts in thermodynamics of information, by focusing on the second law of thermodynamics and the entropy production. Especially, we discuss the relationship among thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-20 Takahiro Sagawa

We propose a setup based on two coupled quantum dots where thermodynamics of a measurement can be quantitatively characterized. The information obtained in the measurement can be utilized by performing feedback in a manner apparently…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-06 Aki Kutvonen , Takahiro Sagawa , Tapio Ala-Nissilä

We present a complete-quantum description of multi-particle Szilard engine which consists of a working substance and a Maxwell's demon. The demon is modeled as a multi-level quantum system with specific quantum control and the working…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-20 C. Y. Cai , H. Dong , C. P. Sun

We report an experimental realisation of Maxwell's demon in a photonic setup. We show that a measurement at the single-photon level followed by a feed-forward operation allows the extraction of work from intense thermal light into an…

The paradox of Maxwell's demon motivated the development of information thermodynamics and the creation of nanoscale information engines. We now understand that machines such as the molecular motors within cells can in principle harvest…

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