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Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have enabled significant improvements in modelling physical processes described by partial differential equations (PDEs). PINNs are based on simple architectures, and learn the behavior of complex…

Physics-informed neural networks have shown promise in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating physical constraints into neural network training, but their performance is sensitive to the sampling of points. Based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Tianchi Yu , Ivan Oseledets

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been demonstrated to be efficient in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) from a variety of experimental perspectives. Some recent studies have also proposed PINN algorithms for PDEs on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Guanhang Lei , Zhen Lei , Lei Shi , Chenyu Zeng , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Motivated by recent research on Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), we make the first attempt to introduce the PINNs for numerical simulation of the elliptic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) on 3D manifolds. PINNs are one of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Zhuochao Tang , Zhuojia Fu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve partial differential equations using deep learning. However, conventional PINNs perform pointwise predictions that neglect dependencies within a domain, which may result in suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mayank Nagda , Phil Ostheimer , Thomas Specht , Frank Rhein , Fabian Jirasek , Stephan Mandt , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

As a promising framework for resolving partial differential equations (PDEs), Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have received widespread attention from industrial and scientific fields. However, lack of expressive ability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Feilong Jiang , Xiaonan Hou , Min Xia

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proven as a promising way for solving various partial differential equations, especially high-dimensional ones and those with irregular boundaries. However, their capabilities in real…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Guojie Li , Wuyue Yang , Liu Hong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an influential method of solving differential equations and estimating their parameters given data. However, since they make use of neural networks, they provide only a point estimate of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Lena Podina , Mahdi Torabi Rad , Mohammad Kohandel

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep neural networks that are trained, using automatic differentiation, to compute the response of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). The training of PINNs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Rini Jasmine Gladstone , Hadi Meidani

Physics-informed deep learning has emerged as a promising framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Nevertheless, training these models on complex problems remains challenging, often leading to limited accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Wenqian Chen , Amanda Howard , Panos Stinis

In this work, we study physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) constrained by partial differential equations (PDEs) and their application in approximating PDEs with two characteristic scales. From a continuous perspective, our formulation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-06 Michael Hintermüller , Denis Korolev

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

As a typical application of deep learning, physics-informed neural network (PINN) {has been} successfully used to find numerical solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs), but how to improve the limited accuracy is still a great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Zhi-Yong Zhang , Hui Zhang , Li-Sheng Zhang , Lei-Lei Guo

A physics-informed neural network (PINN) uses physics-augmented loss functions, e.g., incorporating the residual term from governing partial differential equations (PDEs), to ensure its output is consistent with fundamental physics laws.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Jian Cheng Wong , Chinchun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Interest is rising in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) as a mesh-free alternative to traditional numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs often struggle to learn high-frequency and multi-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Madison Cooley , Varun Shankar , Robert M. Kirby , Shandian Zhe

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding physical laws directly into the loss function. However, as a fundamental optimization issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Feilong Jiang , Xiaonan Hou , Jianqiao Ye , Min Xia

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are at the forefront of scientific machine learning, making possible the creation of machine intelligence that is cognizant of physical laws and able to accurately simulate them. However, today's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Joshua Shao Zheng Low , My Ha Dao , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a significant advancement in scientific machine learning by integrating fundamental physical laws into their architecture through loss functions. PINNs have been successfully applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Wei Zhou , Y. F. Xu

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) were recently proposed in [1] as an alternative way to solve partial differential equations (PDEs). A neural network (NN) represents the solution while a PDE-induced NN is coupled to the solution NN,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Xiaoli Chen , Jinqiao Duan , George Em Karniadakis