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The immense volume of data generated by Earth observation (EO) satellites presents significant challenges in transmitting it to Earth over rate-limited satellite-to-ground communication links. This paper presents an efficient downlink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Van-Phuc Bui , Shashi Raj Pandey , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Petar Popovski

The availability of curated large-scale training data is a crucial factor for the development of well-generalizing deep learning methods for the extraction of geoinformation from multi-sensor remote sensing imagery. While quite some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Michael Schmitt , Lloyd Haydn Hughes , Chunping Qiu , Xiao Xiang Zhu

A major obstacle to the advancements of machine learning models in marine science, particularly in sonar imagery analysis, is the scarcity of AI-ready datasets. While there have been efforts to make AI-ready sonar image dataset publicly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Kien X. Nguyen , Fengchun Qiao , Arthur Trembanis , Xi Peng

We present a curated multi-platform LiDAR reference dataset from an instrumented ICOS forest plot, explicitly designed to support calibration, benchmarking, and integration of 3D structural data with ecological observations and standard…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Michael R. Chang , Anna Candotti , Karl von Ellenrieder , Enrico Tomelleri , Marco Camurri

We have developed an end-to-end photometric data processing pipeline to compare current photometric algorithms commonly used on ground-based imaging data. This testbed is exceedingly adaptable, and enables us to perform many research and…

Earth Observation (EO) has traditionally involved the transmission of a large volume of raw data to map the Earth surface. This results in congestion to the satellite network and delays in the availability of the results, invalidating the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Beatriz Soret , Antonio Jurado-Navas

Land Cover (LC) mapping using satellite imagery is critical for environmental monitoring and management. Deep Learning (DL), particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs), have revolutionized this field by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Luigi Russo , Antonietta Sorriso , Silvia Liberata Ullo , Paolo Gamba

Data fusion is a well-known technique, becoming more and more popular in the Artificial Intelligence for Earth Observation (AI4EO) domain mainly due to its ability of reinforcing AI4EO applications by combining multiple data sources and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Alessandro Sebastianelli , Maria Pia Del Rosso , Pierre Philippe Mathieu , Silvia Liberata Ullo

Protecting and restoring forest ecosystems is critical for biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. Forest monitoring on a global scale is essential for prioritizing and assessing conservation efforts. Satellite-based remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Luis Miguel Pazos-Outón , Cristina Nader Vasconcelos , Anton Raichuk , Anurag Arnab , Dan Morris , Maxim Neumann

Foundation models offer a promising route to transferable remote sensing representations, but many current approaches depend on very large pretraining datasets and fixed sensor configurations, limiting their suitability for ecological and…

Forests are vital to ecosystems, supporting biodiversity and essential services, but are rapidly changing due to land use and climate change. Understanding and mitigating negative effects requires parsing data on forests at global scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Nikolaos Ioannis Bountos , Arthur Ouaknine , Ioannis Papoutsis , David Rolnick

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), the next-generation optical imaging survey sited at Cerro Pachon in Chile, will provide an unprecedented database of astronomical measurements. The LSST design, with an 8.4m (6.7m effective)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-14 Željko Ivezić , Andrew J. Connolly , Mario Jurić

Cities play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) to promote economic growth and meet social needs. Especially satellite imagery is a potential data source for studying sustainable urban development. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yanxin Xi , Yu Liu , Tong Li , Jintao Ding , Yunke Zhang , Sasu Tarkoma , Yong Li , Pan Hui

Large, self-supervised vision models have led to substantial advancements for automatically interpreting natural images. Recent works have begun tailoring these methods to remote sensing data which has rich structure with multi-sensor,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Jeremy Irvin , Lucas Tao , Joanne Zhou , Yuntao Ma , Langston Nashold , Benjamin Liu , Andrew Y. Ng

The temporal and spatial analysis of river dynamics is a key factor for studying and understanding human impacts on floodplains. To assess the changes taking place, it is necessary to have high-resolution images with a large spatial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Pierre Audisio , Barbara Belletti , Nelly Pustelnik

Prior studies on Remote Sensing Foundation Model (RSFM) reveal immense potential towards a generic model for Earth Observation. Nevertheless, these works primarily focus on a single modality without temporal and geo-context modeling,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xin Guo , Jiangwei Lao , Bo Dang , Yingying Zhang , Lei Yu , Lixiang Ru , Liheng Zhong , Ziyuan Huang , Kang Wu , Dingxiang Hu , Huimei He , Jian Wang , Jingdong Chen , Ming Yang , Yongjun Zhang , Yansheng Li

Crop field boundaries are foundational datasets for agricultural monitoring and assessments but are expensive to collect manually. Machine learning (ML) methods for automatically extracting field boundaries from remotely sensed images could…

Data continuity for the Landsat program relies on accurate cross-calibration among sensors. The Landsat 8 OLI has been shown to exhibit superior performance to the sensors on Landsats 4-7 with respect to radiometric calibration, signal to…

Geophysics · Physics 2016-08-25 Daniel Sousa , Christopher Small

Earth observation (EO) foundation models (FMs) are increasingly trained on multisensor data, spanning multispectral imagery (MSI), synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and derived geospatial layers, but hyperspectral imagery (HSI) remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Nassim Ait Ali Braham , Aaron Banze , Conrad M. Albrecht , Julien Mairal , Jocelyn Chanussot , Xiao Xiang Zhu

While image retrieval and instance recognition techniques are progressing rapidly, there is a need for challenging datasets to accurately measure their performance -- while posing novel challenges that are relevant for practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Tobias Weyand , Andre Araujo , Bingyi Cao , Jack Sim