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Force modulation of robotic manipulators has been extensively studied for several decades but is not yet commonly used in safety-critical applications due to a lack of accurate interaction contact modeling and weak performance guarantees -…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Lasitha Wijayarathne , Qie Sima , Ziyi Zhou , Ye Zhao , Frank L. Hammond

Almost all robotic systems in use have hard shells, which is limiting in many ways their full potential of physical interaction with humans or their surrounding environment. Robots with soft-shell covers offer an alternative morphology…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-15 Yukiko Osawa , Yuho Kinbara , Masakazu Kageoka , Kenji Iida , Abderrahmane Kheddar

Imagine a swarm of terrestrial robots that can explore an environment, and, upon completion of this task, reconfigure into a spherical ball and roll out. This dimensional change alters the dynamics of locomotion and can assist them to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Caitlin Freeman , Michael Maynard , Vishesh Vikas

Biological systems are very robust to morphological damage, but artificial systems (robots) are currently not. In this paper we present a system based on neural cellular automata, in which locomoting robots are evolved and then given the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Kazuya Horibe , Kathryn Walker , Rasmus Berg Palm , Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

Soft-robot designs are manifold, but only a few are publicly available. Often, these are only briefly described in their publications. This complicates reproduction, and hinders the reproducibility and comparability of research results. If…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Tim-Lukas Habich , Jonas Haack , Mehdi Belhadj , Dustin Lehmann , Thomas Seel , Moritz Schappler

Sim-to-real transfer remains a significant challenge in soft robotics due to the unpredictability introduced by common manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and molding. These processes often result in deviations from simulated…

The ongoing deep learning revolution has allowed computers to outclass humans in various games and perceive features imperceptible to humans during classification tasks. Current machine learning techniques have clearly distinguished…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Joshua Paul Powers

Soft robotics technology can aid in achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Climate Agreement through development of autonomous, environmentally responsible machines powered by renewable energy. By…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Goffredo Giordano , Saravana Prashanth Murali Babu , Barbara Mazzolai

This paper presents a novel approach that combines the advantages of both model-based and learning-based frameworks to achieve robust locomotion. The residual modules are integrated with each corresponding part of the model-based framework,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Min-Gyu Kim , Dongyun Kang , Hajun Kim , Hae-Won Park

Robot co-design, jointly optimizing morphology and control policy, remains a longstanding challenge in the robotics community, where many promising robots have been developed. However, a key limitation lies in its tendency to converge to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiawei Fang , Yuxuan Sun , Chengtian Ma , Qiuyu Lu , Lining Yao

Soft robots have drawn significant attention recently for their ability to achieve rich shapes when interacting with complex environments. However, their elasticity and flexibility compared to rigid robots also pose significant challenges…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Zhiwu Zheng , Prakhar Kumar , Yenan Chen , Hsin Cheng , Sigurd Wagner , Minjie Chen , Naveen Verma , James C. Sturm

Research on the co-optimization of soft robotic design and control requires rapid means for real-world validation. Existing creation pipelines do not allow for the swift prototyping of soft robots to quickly test various design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Yu Zhang , Robert K. Katzschmann

Reconfigurable robot swarms are capable of connecting with each other to form complex structures. Current mechanical or magnetic connection mechanisms can be complicated to manufacture, consume high power, have a limited load-bearing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Sha Yi , Katia Sycara , Zeynep Temel

Soft robots are typically approximated as low-dimensional systems, especially when learning-based methods are used. This leads to models that are limited in their capability to predict the large number of deformation modes and interactions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Thomas George Thuruthel , Fumiya Iida

Finite element methods have been successfully used to develop physics-based models of soft robots that capture the nonlinear dynamic behavior induced by continuous deformation. These high-fidelity models are therefore ideal for designing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Sander Tonkens , Joseph Lorenzetti , Marco Pavone

Human motor control remains agile and robust despite limited sensory information for feedback, a property attributed to the body's ability to perform morphological computation through muscle coordination with variable impedance. However, it…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Hidaka Asai , Tomoyuki Noda , Jun Morimoto

State-of-the-art generalist manipulation policies have enabled the deployment of robotic manipulators in unstructured human environments. However, these frameworks struggle in cluttered environments primarily because they utilize auxiliary…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Davood Soleymanzadeh , Ivan Lopez-Sanchez , Hao Su , Yunzhu Li , Xiao Liang , Minghui Zheng

Typically, AI researchers and roboticists try to realize intelligent behavior in machines by tuning parameters of a predefined structure (body plan and/or neural network architecture) using evolutionary or learning algorithms. Another but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Sam Kriegman , Nick Cheney , Francesco Corucci , Josh C. Bongard

For robot manipulation, both the controller and end-effector design are crucial. Soft grippers are generalizable by deforming to different geometries, but designing such a gripper and finding its grasp pose remains challenging. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sha Yi , Xueqian Bai , Adabhav Singh , Jianglong Ye , Michael T Tolley , Xiaolong Wang

Robot design is often a slow and difficult process requiring the iterative construction and testing of prototypes, with the goal of sequentially optimizing the design. For most robots, this process is further complicated by the need, when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Thomas Liao , Grant Wang , Brian Yang , Rene Lee , Kristofer Pister , Sergey Levine , Roberto Calandra