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Humans can leverage hierarchical structures to split a task into sub-tasks and solve problems efficiently. Both imitation and reinforcement learning or a combination of them with hierarchical structures have been proven to be an efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Yaru Niu , Yijun Gu

Robotic systems are ever more capable of automation and fulfilment of complex tasks, particularly with reliance on recent advances in intelligent systems, deep learning and artificial intelligence. However, as robots and humans come closer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Benjamin Beyret , Ali Shafti , A. Aldo Faisal

MOBA games, e.g., Dota2 and Honor of Kings, have been actively used as the testbed for the recent AI research on games, and various AI systems have been developed at the human level so far. However, these AI systems mainly focus on how to…

Effective decision-making in the real world depends on memory that is both stable and adaptive: environments change over time, and agents must retain relevant information over long horizons while also updating or overwriting outdated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Oleg Shchendrigin , Egor Cherepanov , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

We present an approach for agents to learn representations of a global map from sensor data, to aid their exploration in new environments. To achieve this, we embed procedures mimicking that of traditional Simultaneous Localization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Jingwei Zhang , Lei Tai , Ming Liu , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard

Reward design for reinforcement learning agents can be difficult in situations where one not only wants the agent to achieve some effect in the world but where one also cares about how that effect is achieved. For example, we might wish for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Xiangyu Peng , Christopher Cui , Wei Zhou , Renee Jia , Mark Riedl

In this paper, we introduce the Reinforced Mnemonic Reader for machine reading comprehension tasks, which enhances previous attentive readers in two aspects. First, a reattention mechanism is proposed to refine current attentions by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Minghao Hu , Yuxing Peng , Zhen Huang , Xipeng Qiu , Furu Wei , Ming Zhou

Despite the impressive feats demonstrated by Reinforcement Learning (RL), these algorithms have seen little adoption in high-risk, real-world applications due to current difficulties in explaining RL agent actions and building user trust.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Timothy K. Mathes , Jessica Inman , Andrés Colón , Simon Khan

Episodic memory is a psychology term which refers to the ability to recall specific events from the past. We suggest one advantage of this particular type of memory is the ability to easily assign credit to a specific state when remembered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Kenny J. Young , Richard S. Sutton , Shuo Yang

Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM 2) has demonstrated strong performance in object segmentation tasks and has become the state-of-the-art for visual object tracking. The model stores information from previous frames in a memory bank, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Alen Adamyan , Tomáš Čížek , Matej Straka , Klara Janouskova , Martin Schmid

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a central problem in artificial intelligence. This problem consists of defining artificial agents that can learn optimal behaviour by interacting with an environment -- where the optimal behaviour is defined…

Humans and other intelligent animals evolved highly sophisticated perception systems that combine multiple sensory modalities. On the other hand, state-of-the-art artificial agents rely mostly on visual inputs or structured low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Shashank Hegde , Anssi Kanervisto , Aleksei Petrenko

Current tool-using AI agents suffer from limited action space, context inefficiency, and probabilistic instability that makes them unsuitable for handling repetitive tasks which are otherwise reliably and efficiently tackled by agentic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Nishant Gaurav , Adit Akarsh , Tejas Ravishankar , Manoj Bajaj

The success of smart environments largely depends on their smartness of understanding the environments' ongoing situations. Accordingly, this task is an essence to smart environment central processors. Obtaining knowledge from the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Hossein Rajaby Faghihi , Mohammad Amin Fazli , Jafar Habibi

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

This paper presents a reactive planning system that enriches the topological representation of an environment with a tightly integrated semantic representation, achieved by incorporating and exploiting advances in deep perceptual learning…

To enable embodied agents to operate effectively over extended timeframes, it is crucial to develop models that form and access memories to stay contextualized in their environment. In the current paradigm of training transformer-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Gunshi Gupta , Karmesh Yadav , Zsolt Kira , Yarin Gal , Rahaf Aljundi

We present a machine learning framework for multi-agent systems to learn both the optimal policy for maximizing the rewards and the encoding of the high dimensional visual observation. The encoding is useful for sharing local visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Hyung-Jin Yoon , Huaiyu Chen , Kehan Long , Heling Zhang , Aditya Gahlawat , Donghwan Lee , Naira Hovakimyan

We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning model for discrete environments, which is inherently interpretable and supports the discovery of deep subgoal hierarchies. In the model, an agent learns information about environment in the form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Alexander Demin , Denis Ponomaryov

Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Valerie Chen , Abhinav Gupta , Kenneth Marino