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The versatility of large language models (LLMs) led to the creation of diverse benchmarks that thoroughly test a variety of language models' abilities. These benchmarks consist of tens of thousands of examples making evaluation of LLMs very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Felipe Maia Polo , Lucas Weber , Leshem Choshen , Yuekai Sun , Gongjun Xu , Mikhail Yurochkin

Many studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) can produce harmful responses, exposing users to unexpected risks when LLMs are deployed. Previous studies have proposed comprehensive taxonomies of the risks posed by LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yuxia Wang , Zenan Zhai , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Lizhi Lin , Zhenxuan Zhang , Jingru Zhao , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process visual, acoustic, and textual inputs, addressing the limitations of single-modality LLMs. However, existing benchmarks often overlook tri-modal evaluation in Traditional Chinese and do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jui-Ming Yao , Bing-Cheng Xie , Sheng-Wei Peng , Hao-Yuan Chen , He-Rong Zheng , Bing-Jia Tan , Peter Shaojui Wang , Shun-Feng Su

Recently, many works have proposed various financial large language models (FinLLMs) by pre-training from scratch or fine-tuning open-sourced LLMs on financial corpora. However, existing FinLLMs exhibit unsatisfactory performance in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Huan-Yi Su , Ke Wu , Yu-Hao Huang , Wu-Jun Li

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in medical applications requires fact-checking capabilities to ensure patient safety and regulatory compliance. We introduce MedFact, a challenging Chinese medical fact-checking benchmark with 2,116…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiayi He , Yangmin Huang , Qianyun Du , Xiangying Zhou , Zhiyang He , Jiaxue Hu , Xiaodong Tao , Lixian Lai

Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to transform healthcare under China's Healthy China 2030 initiative, yet they introduce new ethical and patient-safety challenges. We present a novel 12,000-item Q&A benchmark covering 11 ethics and 9…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Mouxiao Bian , Rongzhao Zhang , Chao Ding , Xinwei Peng , Jie Xu

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have exceptional performance in machine translation, only a limited systematic assessment of translation quality has been done. The challenge lies in automated frameworks, as human-expert-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yue Zhang , Rodney Beard , John Hawkins , Rohitash Chandra

$\textbf{Objectives}$: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Med-PaLM have excelled in various medical question-answering tasks. However, these English-centric models encounter challenges in non-English clinical settings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jiageng Wu , Xian Wu , Zhaopeng Qiu , Minghui Li , Yingying Zhang , Yefeng Zheng , Changzheng Yuan , Jie Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) play a critical role in how humans access information. While their core use relies on comprehending written requests, our understanding of this ability is currently limited, because most benchmarks evaluate LLMs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multilingual contexts, yet their consistency across languages on politically sensitive topics remains understudied. This paper presents a systematic bilingual benchmark study…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ju-Chun Ko

This paper explores the potential impacts of large language models (LLMs) on the Chinese labor market. We analyze occupational exposure to LLM capabilities by incorporating human expertise and LLM classifications, following the methodology…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-06 Qin Chen , Jinfeng Ge , Huaqing Xie , Xingcheng Xu , Yanqing Yang

Predictive analysis is a cornerstone of modern decision-making, with applications in various domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in enabling nuanced, knowledge-intensive conversations, thus aiding in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Xiaojun Ma , Yuyang Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to semi-automate some process mining (PM) analyses. While commercial models are already adequate for many analytics tasks, the competitive level of open-source LLMs in PM tasks is unknown. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Alessandro Berti , Humam Kourani , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

Large language models have made tremendous progress in recent years, but low-resource languages, like Tibetan, remain significantly underrepresented in their evaluation. Despite Tibetan being spoken by over seven million people, it has…

With the profound development of large language models(LLMs), their safety concerns have garnered increasing attention. However, there is a scarcity of Chinese safety benchmarks for LLMs, and the existing safety taxonomies are inadequate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wenjing Zhang , Xuejiao Lei , Zhaoxiang Liu , Meijuan An , Bikun Yang , KaiKai Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality text and making predictions based on large amounts of data, including the media domain. However, in practical applications, the differences between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Zhonghao Wang , Zijia Lu , Bo Jin , Haiying Deng

Solving problems through tool use under explicit constraints constitutes a highly challenging yet unavoidable scenario for large language models (LLMs), requiring capabilities such as function calling, instruction following, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Junjie Ye , Guoqiang Zhang , Wenjie Fu , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks and beyond. This success of LLMs has led to a large influx of research contributions in this direction. These works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Humza Naveed , Asad Ullah Khan , Shi Qiu , Muhammad Saqib , Saeed Anwar , Muhammad Usman , Naveed Akhtar , Nick Barnes , Ajmal Mian

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, have dramatically transformed natural language processing research and shown promising strides towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Nonetheless, the high costs associated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yiming Cui , Ziqing Yang , Xin Yao

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) across various regions underscores the urgent need to evaluate their alignment with human values. Current benchmarks, however, fall short of effectively uncovering safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Kexin Huang , Xiangyang Liu , Qianyu Guo , Tianxiang Sun , Jiawei Sun , Yaru Wang , Zeyang Zhou , Yixu Wang , Yan Teng , Xipeng Qiu , Yingchun Wang , Dahua Lin