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We count the number of countable homogeneous colored linear orderings in $k$ colors. Relatedly, we count the number of countable $C_{n,m}$-homogeneous linear orderings. $C_{n,m}$-homogeneity is a strong homogeneity notion that approximates…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-17 David Gonzalez

We present an order-theoretic approach to the study of countably infinite locally 2-arc-transitive bipartite graphs. Our approach is motivated by techniques developed by Warren and others during the study of cycle-free partial orders. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-09 Robert D. Gray , John K. Truss

This paper investigates when countable graphs have a finite or an infinite chromatic number through model theoretic methods. For Fra\"{i}ss\'{e} limits, we show that instability forces the chromatic number to be infinite, yielding a…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Hirotaka Kikyo , Koitaro Nakaura , Akito Tsuboi

We introduce a class of pairs of graphs consisting of two cliques joined by an arbitrary number of edges. The members of a pair have the property that the clique-bridging edge-set of one graph is the complement of that of the other. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-08 Adam Bohn

We define a perfect coloring of a graph $G$ as a proper coloring of $G$ such that every connected induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ uses exactly $\omega(H)$ many colors where $\omega(H)$ is the clique number of $H$. A graph is perfectly colorable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-15 R B Sandeep

The directions of an infinite graph $G$ are a tangle-like description of its ends: they are choice functions that choose compatibly for all finite vertex sets $X\subseteq V(G)$ a component of $G-X$. Although every direction is induced by a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Jan Kurkofka , Ruben Melcher

Let G be a graph with n vertices and suppose that for each vertex v in G, there exists a list of k colors L(v), such that there is a unique proper coloring for G from this collection of lists, then G is called a uniquely k-list colorable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-03 M. Ghebleh , E. S. Mahmoodian

We establish tight lower and upper bounds on the number of edges in traceable graphs in several classes of dense graphs. A graph is traceable if it has a Hamiltonian path. We show that the bound is: - quadratic for the class of graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Michal Dvořák , Dušan Knop , Michal Opler , Jan Pokorný , Ondřej Suchý , Krisztina Szilágyi

We prove several results about three families of graphs. For queen graphs, defined from the usual moves of a chess queen, we find the edge-chromatic number in almost all cases. In the unproved case, we have a conjecture supported by a vast…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Witold Jarnicki , Wendy Myrvold , Peter Saltzman , Stan Wagon

An asymmetric coloring of a graph is a coloring of its vertices that is not preserved by any non-identity automorphism of the graph. The motion of a graph is the minimal degree of its automorphism group, i.e., the minimum number of elements…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Laszlo Babai

The clique chromatic number of a graph G=(V,E) is the minimum number of colors in a vertex coloring so that no maximal (with respect to containment) clique is monochromatic. We prove that the clique chromatic number of the binomial random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Noga Alon , Michael Krivelevich

A distinguishing colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertex set such that no non-trivial automorphism preserves the colouring. Tucker conjectured that if every non-trivial automorphism of a locally finite graph moves infinitely many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-30 Florian Lehner , Rögnvaldur G. Möller

A digraph is connected-homogeneous if every isomorphism between two finite connected induced subdigraphs extends to an automorphism of the whole digraph. In this paper, we completely classify the countable connected-homogeneous digraphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Matthias Hamann

We classify the connected-homogeneous digraphs with more than one end. We further show that if their underlying undirected graph is not connected-homogeneous, they are highly-arc-transitive.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-04-30 Matthias Hamann , Fabian Hundertmark

The distinguishing number of a graph $G$ is the smallest positive integer $r$ such that $G$ has a labeling of its vertices with $r$ labels for which there is no non-trivial automorphism of $G$ preserving these labels. Albertson and Collins…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-04-28 C. Laflamme , L. Nguyen Van Thé , N. W. Sauer

A vertex coloring of a given simple graph $G=(V,E)$ with $k$ colors ($k$-coloring) is a map from its vertex set to the set of integers $\{1,2,3,\dots, k\}$. A coloring is called perfect if the multiset of colors appearing on the neighbours…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-29 O. G. Parshina , M. A. Lisitsyna

We consider unavoidable chromatic patterns in $2$-colorings of the edges of the complete graph. Several such problems are explored being a junction point between Ramsey theory, extremal graph theory (Tur\'an type problems), zero-sum Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-09 Yair Caro , Adriana Hansberg , Amanda Montejano

We obtain the scaling limits of random graphs drawn uniformly in three families of intersection graphs: permutation graphs, circle graphs, and unit interval graphs. The two first families typically generate dense graphs, in these cases we…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Frédérique Bassino , Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Lucas Gerin , Adeline Pierrot

We generalize the concept of token graphs to obtain supertoken graphs. In the latter case, there can be more than one token in a vertex. We formally define supertoken graphs and establish their basic properties. Moreover, we provide some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Mónica A. Reyes , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol

A graph is called uniquely distinguishing colorable if there is only one partition of vertices of the graph that forms distinguishing coloring with the smallest possible colors. In this paper, we study the unique colorability of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-16 M. Korivand , N. Soltankhah , K. Khashyarmanesh