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Automated program repair techniques aim to aid software developers with the challenging task of fixing bugs. In heuristic-based program repair, a search space of program variants, created via mutations on software, is explored to find…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Carol Hanna , Aymeric Blot , Justyna Petke

Mutation analysis measures test suite adequacy, the degree to which a test suite detects seeded faults: one test suite is better than another if it detects more mutants. Mutation analysis effectiveness rests on the assumption that mutants…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Miltiadis Allamanis , Earl T. Barr , René Just , Charles Sutton

Background. Many mutation reduction strategies, which aim to reduce the number of mutants, have been proposed. Problem. It is important to measure the ability of a mutation reduction strategy to maintain test suite effectiveness evaluation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Peng Zhang , Yang Wang , Xutong Liu , Yanhui Li , Yibao Yang , Ziyuan Wang , Xiaoyu Zhou , Lin Chen , Yuming Zhou

We propose a novel methodology (namely, MuLER) that transforms any reference-based evaluation metric for text generation, such as machine translation (MT) into a fine-grained analysis tool. Given a system and a metric, MuLER quantifies how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Taelin Karidi , Leshem Choshen , Gal Patel , Omri Abend

Code review is a key practice in software engineering, ensuring quality and collaboration. However, industrial Merge Request (MR) workflows often deviate from standardized review processes, with many MRs serving non-review purposes (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Samah Kansab , Francis Bordeleau , Ali Tizghadam

Mutation testing consists of generating test cases that detect faults injected into software (generating mutants) which its original test suite could not. By running such an augmented set of test cases, it may discover actual faults that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jaekwon Lee , Enrico Viganò , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Mutation testing is the state-of-the-art technique for assessing the fault-detection capacity of a test suite. Unfortunately, mutation testing consumes enormous computing resources because it runs the whole test suite for each and every…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Sten Vercammen , Mohammad Ghafari , Serge Demeyer , Markus Borg

In verification-aware languages, such as Dafny, despite their critical role, specifications are as prone to error as implementations. Flaws in specifications can result in formally verified programs that deviate from the intended behavior.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Isabel Amaral , Alexandra Mendes , José Campos

Mutation testing is used to evaluate the effectiveness of test suites. In recent years, a promising variation called extreme mutation testing emerged that is computationally less expensive. It identifies methods where their functionality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Maik Betka , Stefan Wagner

Model-based mutation analysis is a recent research area, and real-time system testing can benefit from using model mutants. Model-based mutation testing (MBMT) is a particular branch of model-based testing. It generates faulty versions of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Jian Chen , Manar H. Alalfi , Thomas R. Dean

Mutation testing is a widely recognized technique for assessing and enhancing the effectiveness of software test suites by introducing deliberate code mutations. However, its application often results in overly large test suites, as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Mohamed Salah Bouafif , Mohammad Hamdaqa , Edward Zulkoski

In mutation testing the question whether a mutant is equivalent to its program is important in order to compute the correct mutation score. Unfortunately, answering this question is not always possible and can hardly be obtained just by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-07-11 Simona Nica , Franz Wotawa

One of the critical phases in software development is software testing. Testing helps with identifying potential bugs and reducing maintenance costs. The goal of automated test generation tools is to ease the development of tests by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Amin Nikanjam , Vahid Majdinasab , Foutse Khomh , Michel C. Desmarais

As the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on resource-intensive and safety-critical tasks increases, a variety of Machine Learning (ML) compilers have been developed, enabling compatibility of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with a variety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Nikolaos Louloudakis , Perry Gibson , José Cano , Ajitha Rajan

LLM-based mutation testing is a promising testing technology, but existing approaches typically rely on a fixed set of mutations as few-shot examples or none at all. This can result in generic low-quality mutations, missed context-specific…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bo Wang , Ming Deng , Mingda Chen , Chengran Yang , Youfang Lin , Mark Harman , Mike Papadakis , Jie M. Zhang

Mutation analysis can provide valuable insights into both System Under Test (SUT) and its test suite. However, it is not scalable due to the cost of building and testing a large number of mutants. Predictive Mutation Testing (PMT) has been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Jinhan Kim , Juyoung Jeon , Shin Hong , Shin Yoo

Deep learning (DL) frameworks are the fundamental infrastructure for various DL applications. Framework defects can profoundly cause disastrous accidents, thus requiring sufficient detection. In previous studies, researchers adopt DL models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanzhou Mu , Juan Zhai , Chunrong Fang , Xiang Chen , Zhixiang Cao , Peiran Yang , Yinglong Zou , Tao Zheng , Zhenyu Chen

Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) that learns to rank documents with biased user feedback data is a well-known challenge in information retrieval. Existing methods in unbiased learning to rank typically rely on click modeling or inverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

Deep Learning (DL) frameworks are a fundamental component of DL development. Therefore, the detection of DL framework defects is important and challenging. As one of the most widely adopted DL testing techniques, model mutation has recently…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanzhou Mu , Rong Wang , Juan Zhai , Chunrong Fang , Xiang Chen , Zhiyuan Peng , Peiran Yang , Ruixiang Qian , Shaoyu Yang , Zhenyu Chen

A recommender system generates personalized recommendations for a user by computing the preference score of items, sorting the items according to the score, and filtering top-K items with high scores. While sorting and ranking items are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Hyunsung Lee , Yeongjae Jang , Jaekwang Kim , Honguk Woo