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Agent-based modeling is a paradigm of modeling dynamic systems of interacting agents that are individually governed by specified behavioral rules. Training a model of such agents to produce an emergent behavior by specification of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Karan K. Budhraja , Hang Gao , Tim Oates

Imitation learning is effective for training agents when expert demonstrations are available, but collecting demonstrations for every complex task in an environment is costly. We study the long-horizon, goal-conditioned setting where a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Maxwell J. Jacobson , Yexiang Xue

The fundamental limitation of the behavioral cloning (BC) approach to imitation learning is that it only teaches an agent what the expert did at states the expert visited. This means that when a BC agent makes a mistake which takes them out…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Arnav Kumar Jain , Vibhakar Mohta , Subin Kim , Atiksh Bhardwaj , Juntao Ren , Yunhai Feng , Sanjiban Choudhury , Gokul Swamy

Real-world tasks of interest are generally poorly defined by human-readable descriptions and have no pre-defined reward signals unless it is defined by a human designer. Conversely, data-driven algorithms are often designed to solve a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Vinicius G. Goecks , Nicholas Waytowich , David Watkins-Valls , Bharat Prakash

One approach to Imitation Learning is Behavior Cloning, in which a robot observes a supervisor and infers a control policy. A known problem with this "off-policy" approach is that the robot's errors compound when drifting away from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Michael Laskey , Jonathan Lee , Roy Fox , Anca Dragan , Ken Goldberg

We consider model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) in 2-agent, high-fidelity continuous control problems -- an important domain for robots interacting with other agents in the same workspace. For non-trivial dynamical systems, MBRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Orr Krupnik , Igor Mordatch , Aviv Tamar

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) struggles in environments with rich and noisy inputs, where the agent only has access to a fixed dataset without environment interactions. Past works have proposed common workarounds based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Hongyu Zang , Xin Li , Jie Yu , Chen Liu , Riashat Islam , Remi Tachet Des Combes , Romain Laroche

In this work, we explore techniques for augmenting interactive agents with information from symbolic modules, much like humans use tools like calculators and GPS systems to assist with arithmetic and navigation. We test our agent's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Ruoyao Wang , Peter Jansen , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu

Behavior cloning (BC) optimizes policies by treating human demonstrations as pointwise action labels. While effective with accurate action labels, this formulation is brittle in practice: when human-provided actions are imperfect, treating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zhaoting Li , Rodrigo Pérez-Dattari , Robert Babuska , Cosimo Della Santina , Jens Kober

Learning robot policies using imitation learning requires collecting large amounts of costly action-labeled expert demonstrations, which fundamentally limits the scale of training data. A promising approach to address this bottleneck is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Anthony Liang , Pavel Czempin , Matthew Hong , Yutai Zhou , Erdem Biyik , Stephen Tu

While sequential decision-making environments often involve high-dimensional observations, not all features of these observations are relevant for control. In particular, the observation space may capture factors of the environment which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Alexander Levine , Peter Stone , Amy Zhang

Imitation learning is a powerful family of techniques for learning sensorimotor coordination in immersive environments. We apply imitation learning to attain state-of-the-art performance on hard exploration problems in the Minecraft…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Artemij Amiranashvili , Nicolai Dorka , Wolfram Burgard , Vladlen Koltun , Thomas Brox

Sample inefficiency of deep reinforcement learning methods is a major obstacle for their use in real-world applications. In this work, we show how human demonstrations can improve final performance of agents on the Minecraft minigame…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Christian Scheller , Yanick Schraner , Manfred Vogel

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to mimic expert behaviors. Most previous IL techniques focus on precisely imitating one policy through mass demonstrations. However, in many applications, what humans require is the ability to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xiong-Hui Chen , Junyin Ye , Hang Zhao , Yi-Chen Li , Haoran Shi , Yu-Yan Xu , Zhihao Ye , Si-Hang Yang , Anqi Huang , Kai Xu , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Crowd simulation, the study of the movement of multiple agents in complex environments, presents a unique application domain for machine learning. One challenge in crowd simulation is to imitate the movement of expert agents in highly dense…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Gang Qiao , Honglu Zhou , Mubbasir Kapadia , Sejong Yoon , Vladimir Pavlovic

Imitation learning is a powerful machine learning algorithm for a robot to acquire manipulation skills. Nevertheless, many real-world manipulation tasks involve precise and dexterous robot-object interactions, which make it difficult for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zhao-Heng Yin , Pieter Abbeel

This paper describes methods for training autonomous agents to play the game "Doom 2" through Imitation Learning (IL) using only pixel data as input. We also explore how Reinforcement Learning (RL) compares to IL for humanness by comparing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Ryan Spick , Timothy Bradley , Ayush Raina , Pierluigi Vito Amadori , Guy Moss

Extracting the rules of real-world multi-agent behaviors is a current challenge in various scientific and engineering fields. Biological agents independently have limited observation and mechanical constraints; however, most of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Keisuke Fujii , Naoya Takeishi , Yoshinobu Kawahara , Kazuya Takeda

Imitation learning trains a policy by mimicking expert demonstrations. Various imitation methods were proposed and empirically evaluated, meanwhile, their theoretical understanding needs further studies. In this paper, we firstly analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Tian Xu , Ziniu Li , Yang Yu

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative models in the text-to-image domain. This paper studies their application as observation-to-action models for imitating human behaviour in sequential environments. Human behaviour is…

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