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Neural language models (LMs) can be used to evaluate the truth of factual statements in two ways: they can be either queried for statement probabilities, or probed for internal representations of truthfulness. Past work has found that these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Kevin Liu , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Jacob Andreas

In recent years, fake news detection has received increasing attention in public debate and scientific research. Despite advances in detection techniques, the production and spread of false information have become more sophisticated, driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Pietro Dell'Oglio , Alessandro Bondielli , Francesco Marcelloni , Lucia C. Passaro

The spread of fake news has long been a social issue and the necessity of identifying it has become evident since its dangers are well recognized. In addition to causing uneasiness among the public, it has even more devastating…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Yuxuan Tian

This paper presents a new approach to the FNC-1 fake news classification task which involves employing pre-trained encoder models from similar NLP tasks, namely sentence similarity and natural language inference, and two neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Oisín Nolan , Jeroen van Mourik , Callum Rhys Tilbury

The rapid adoption of large language models has introduced a new class of AI-generated fake news that coexists with traditional human-written misinformation, raising important questions about how these two forms of deceptive content differ…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Samuel Jaeger , Calvin Ibeneye , Aya Vera-Jimenez , Dhrubajyoti Ghosh

In recent years, due to the booming development of online social networks, fake news for various commercial and political purposes has been appearing in large numbers and widespread in the online world. With deceptive words, online social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Jiawei Zhang , Bowen Dong , Philip S. Yu

Many text generation applications require the generated text to be factually consistent with input information. Automatic evaluation of factual consistency is challenging. Previous work has developed various metrics that often depend on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yuheng Zha , Yichi Yang , Ruichen Li , Zhiting Hu

Factuality evaluation aims to detect factual errors produced by language models (LMs) and hence guide the development of more factual models. Towards this goal, we train a factuality evaluator, FenCE, that provides LM generators with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yiqing Xie , Wenxuan Zhou , Pradyot Prakash , Di Jin , Yuning Mao , Quintin Fettes , Arya Talebzadeh , Sinong Wang , Han Fang , Carolyn Rose , Daniel Fried , Hejia Zhang

Professionals in academia, law, and finance audit their documents because inconsistencies can result in monetary, reputational, and scientific costs. Language models (LMs) have the potential to dramatically speed up this auditing process.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Charles J. Lovering , Seth Ebner , Brandon Smock , Michael Krumdick , Saad Rabbani , Ahmed Muhammad , Varshini Reddy , Chris Tanner

There has been an increasing interest in detecting hallucinations in model-generated texts, both manually and automatically, at varying levels of granularity. However, most existing methods fail to precisely pinpoint the errors. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Arie Cattan , Paul Roit , Shiyue Zhang , David Wan , Roee Aharoni , Idan Szpektor , Mohit Bansal , Ido Dagan

When an image classifier outputs a wrong class label, it can be helpful to see what changes in the image would lead to a correct classification. This is the aim of algorithms generating counterfactual explanations. However, there is no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Benedikt Höltgen , Lisa Schut , Jan M. Brauner , Yarin Gal

Benchmarking modern large language models (LLMs) on complex and realistic tasks is critical to advancing their development. In this work, we evaluate the factual accuracy and citation performance of state-of-the-art LLMs on the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Maya Patel , Aditi Anand

The proliferation of misleading information in everyday access media outlets such as social media feeds, news blogs, and online newspapers have made it challenging to identify trustworthy news sources, thus increasing the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Bennett Kleinberg , Alexandra Lefevre , Rada Mihalcea

Fake news detection has become a major task to solve as there has been an increasing number of fake news on the internet in recent years. Although many classification models have been proposed based on statistical learning methods showing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Daesoo Lee

Explanations of neural models aim to reveal a model's decision-making process for its predictions. However, recent work shows that current methods giving explanations such as saliency maps or counterfactuals can be misleading, as they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Pepa Atanasova , Oana-Maria Camburu , Christina Lioma , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Isabelle Augenstein

We propose the task of narrative incoherence detection as a new arena for inter-sentential semantic understanding: Given a multi-sentence narrative, decide whether there exist any semantic discrepancies in the narrative flow. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Deng Cai , Yizhe Zhang , Yichen Huang , Wai Lam , Bill Dolan

Detection of fake news is crucial to ensure the authenticity of information and maintain the news ecosystems reliability. Recently, there has been an increase in fake news content due to the recent proliferation of social media and fake…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Pallabi Saikia , Kshitij Gundale , Ankit Jain , Dev Jadeja , Harvi Patel , Mohendra Roy

Factual consistency is one of important summary evaluation dimensions, especially as summary generation becomes more fluent and coherent. The ESTIME measure, recently proposed specifically for factual consistency, achieves high correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Oleg Vasilyev , John Bohannon

Most fact checking models for automatic fake news detection are based on reasoning: given a claim with associated evidence, the models aim to estimate the claim veracity based on the supporting or refuting content within the evidence. When…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Casper Hansen , Christian Hansen , Lucas Chaves Lima

The rapid advancement of social media platforms has significantly reduced the cost of information dissemination, yet it has also led to a proliferation of fake news, posing a threat to societal trust and credibility. Most of fake news…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Aohan Li , Jiaxin Chen , Xin Liao , Dengyong Zhang