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We consider the problem of learning in adversarial Markov decision processes [MDPs] with an oblivious adversary in a full-information setting. The agent interacts with an environment during $T$ episodes, each of which consists of $H$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Daniil Tiapkin , Evgenii Chzhen , Gilles Stoltz

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) have recently become popular among many AI researchers because they serve as a natural model for planning under uncertainty. Value iteration is a well-known algorithm for finding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 N. L. Zhang , W. Zhang

We consider the problem of imitation learning from expert demonstrations in partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). Belief representations, which characterize the distribution over the latent states in a POMDP, have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Tanmay Gangwani , Joel Lehman , Qiang Liu , Jian Peng

We present an alternative view for the study of optimal control of partially observed Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs). We first revisit the traditional (and by now standard) separated-design method of reducing the problem to fully…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Serdar Yüksel

We study online learning of finite Markov decision process (MDP) problems when a side information vector is available. The problem is motivated by applications such as clinical trials, recommendation systems, etc. Such applications have an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-27 Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Gergely Neu

Learning a near optimal policy in a partially observable system remains an elusive challenge in contemporary reinforcement learning. In this work, we consider episodic reinforcement learning in a reward-mixing Markov decision process (MDP).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Jeongyeol Kwon , Yonathan Efroni , Constantine Caramanis , Shie Mannor

Autonomous agents often operate in scenarios where the state is partially observed. In addition to maximizing their cumulative reward, agents must execute complex tasks with rich temporal and logical structures. These tasks can be expressed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-18 Krishna C. Kalagarla , Dhruva Kartik , Dongming Shen , Rahul Jain , Ashutosh Nayyar , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide a flexible representation for real-world decision and control problems. However, POMDPs are notoriously difficult to solve, especially when the state and observation spaces are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Michael H. Lim , Tyler J. Becker , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Claire J. Tomlin , Zachary N. Sunberg

We consider partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with {\omega}-regular conditions specified as parity objectives. The class of {\omega}-regular languages extends regular languages to infinite strings and provides a robust…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-09-12 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin Chmelik , Mathieu Tracol

In real-world reinforcement learning (RL) scenarios, agents often encounter partial observability, where incomplete or noisy information obscures the true state of the environment. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ashok Arora , Neetesh Kumar

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has made considerable advances in simulated and physical robot control tasks, especially when problems admit a fully observed Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation. When observations only partially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lingheng Meng , Rob Gorbet , Michael Burke , Dana Kulić

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) model specific environments in sequential decision-making under uncertainty. Critically, optimal policies for POMDPs may not be robust against perturbations in the environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Maris F. L. Galesloot , Roman Andriushchenko , Milan Češka , Sebastian Junges , Nils Jansen

Autonomous systems often have logical constraints arising, for example, from safety, operational, or regulatory requirements. Such constraints can be expressed using temporal logic specifications. The system state is often partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Krishna C. Kalagarla , Dhruva Kartik , Dongming Shen , Rahul Jain , Ashutosh Nayyar , Pierluigi Nuzzo

We consider the problem of designing policies for partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with dynamic coherent risk objectives. Synthesizing risk-averse optimal policies for POMDPs requires infinite memory and thus…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Masahiro Ono , Michel D. Ingham , Richard M. Murray , Aaron D. Ames

Reinforcement learning (RL) in large environments often suffers from severe computational bottlenecks, as conventional regret minimization algorithms require repeated, costly calls to planning and statistical estimation oracles. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Haichen Hu , Jian Qian , David Simchi-Levi

We study the offline data-driven sequential decision making problem in the framework of Markov decision process (MDP). In order to enhance the generalizability and adaptivity of the learned policy, we propose to evaluate each policy by a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-11 Zhengling Qi , Peng Liao

There is much interest in using partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) as a formal model for planning in stochastic domains. This paper is concerned with finding optimal policies for POMDPs. We propose several improvements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Nevin Lianwen Zhang , Stephen S. Lee

To drive purchase in online advertising, it is of the advertiser's great interest to optimize the sequential advertising strategy whose performance and interpretability are both important. The lack of interpretability in existing deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Zhaoqing Peng , Junqi Jin , Lan Luo , Yaodong Yang , Rui Luo , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Miao Xu , Chuan Yu , Tiejian Luo , Han Li , Jian Xu , Kun Gai

Recent benchmarks for memory-augmented reinforcement learning (RL) have introduced partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) environments in which agents must use historical observations to make decisions. However, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yongyi Wang , Lingfeng Li , Bozhou Chen , Ang Li , Hanyu Liu , Qirui Zheng , Xionghui Yang , Wenxin Li

We study the offline reinforcement learning (offline RL) problem, where the goal is to learn a reward-maximizing policy in an unknown Markov Decision Process (MDP) using the data coming from a policy $\mu$. In particular, we consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Ming Yin , Yu-Xiang Wang