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We present a clustering-based explainability technique for digital pathology models based on convolutional neural networks. Unlike commonly used methods based on saliency maps, such as occlusion, GradCAM, or relevance propagation, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Adam Bajger , Jan Obdržálek , Vojtěch Kůr , Rudolf Nenutil , Petr Holub , Vít Musil , Tomáš Brázdil

Deep learning enables the modelling of high-resolution histopathology whole-slide images (WSI). Weakly supervised learning of tile-level data is typically applied for tasks where labels only exist on the patient or WSI level (e.g. patient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-09 Abhinav Sharma , Bojing Liu , Mattias Rantalainen

Digital pathology is revolutionizing the field of pathology by enabling the digitization, storage, and analysis of tissue samples as whole slide images (WSIs). WSIs are gigapixel files that capture the intricate details of tissue samples,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 S. Hemati , Krishna R. Kalari , H. R. Tizhoosh

Whole Slide Images (WSI), obtained by high-resolution digital scanning of microscope slides at multiple scales, are the cornerstone of modern Digital Pathology. However, they represent a particular challenge to AI-based/AI-mediated analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Martim Afonso , Praphulla M. S. Bhawsar , Monjoy Saha , Jonas S. Almeida , Arlindo L. Oliveira

With the growing use of deep learning methods, particularly graph neural networks, which encode intricate interconnectedness information, for a variety of real tasks, there is a necessity for explainability in such settings. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Harsh Patel , Shivam Sahni

Dealing with the application of grading colorectal cancer images, this work proposes a 3 step pipeline for prediction of cancer levels from a histopathology image. The overall model performs better compared to other state of the art methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Franziska Lippoldt

Accurate and fast assessment of resection margins is an essential part of a dermatopathologist's clinical routine. In this work, we successfully develop a deep learning method to assist the pathologists by marking critical regions that have…

Graph-based neural network models are gaining traction in the field of representation learning due to their ability to uncover latent topological relationships between entities that are otherwise challenging to identify. These models have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-25 Aryan Singh , Pepijn Van de Ven , Ciarán Eising , Patrick Denny

Whole-slide image (WSI) classification is a challenging task because 1) patches from WSI lack annotation, and 2) WSI possesses unnecessary variability, e.g., stain protocol. Recently, Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) has made significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Joohyung Lee , Heejeong Nam , Kwanhyung Lee , Sangchul Hahn

Correct treatment of urothelial carcinoma patients is dependent on accurate grading and staging of the cancer tumour. This is determined manually by a pathologist by examining the histological whole-slide images (WSI). The large size of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-12 Rune Wetteland , Kjersti Engan , Trygve Eftestøl , Vebjørn Kvikstad , Emilius A. M. Janssen

Automatic detection of cancer metastasis from whole slide images (WSIs) is a crucial step for following patient staging and prognosis. Recent convolutional neural network based approaches are struggling with the trade-off between accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Zixu Zhao , Huangjing Lin , Hao Chen , Pheng-Ann Heng

Learning suitable Whole slide images (WSIs) representations for efficient retrieval systems is a non-trivial task. The WSI embeddings obtained from current methods are in Euclidean space not ideal for efficient WSI retrieval. Furthermore,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Sobhan Hemati , Shivam Kalra , Morteza Babaie , H. R. Tizhoosh

Microscopic assessment of histopathology images is vital for accurate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification and captioning have become crucial tasks in computer-aided pathology. However, microscopic WSI face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 S M Taslim Uddin Raju , Md. Milon Islam , Md Rezwanul Haque , Hamdi Altaheri , Fakhri Karray

Computational analysis of whole slide images (WSIs) has seen significant research progress in recent years, with applications ranging across important diagnostic and prognostic tasks such as survival or cancer subtype prediction. Many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zak Buzzard , Konstantin Hemker , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Molecular subtypes of breast cancer are important references to personalized clinical treatment. For cost and labor savings, only one of the patient's paraffin blocks is usually selected for subsequent immunohistochemistry (IHC) to obtain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-16 Hong Liu , Wen-Dong Xu , Zi-Hao Shang , Xiang-Dong Wang , Hai-Yan Zhou , Ke-Wen Ma , Huan Zhou , Jia-Lin Qi , Jia-Rui Jiang , Li-Lan Tan , Hui-Min Zeng , Hui-Juan Cai , Kuan-Song Wang , Yue-Liang Qian

In computational pathology, the gigapixel scale of Whole-Slide Images (WSIs) necessitates their division into thousands of smaller patches. Analyzing these high-dimensional patch embeddings is computationally expensive and risks diluting…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Saya Hashemian , Azam Asilian Bidgoli

In this paper, we address domain shifts in pathological images by focusing on shifts within whole slide images~(WSIs), such as patient characteristics and tissue thickness, rather than shifts between hospitals. Traditional approaches rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuki Shigeyasu , Shota Harada , Akihiko Yoshizawa , Kazuhiro Terada , Naoki Nakazima , Mariyo Kurata , Hiroyuki Abe , Tetsuo Ushiku , Ryoma Bise

Multi-class cell segmentation in high-resolution Giga-pixel whole slide images (WSI) is critical for various clinical applications. Training such an AI model typically requires labor-intensive pixel-wise manual annotation from experienced…

In digital pathology, Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is usually formulated as a Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) problem. Although transformer-based architectures have been used for WSI classification, these methods require modifications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Juan I. Pisula , Katarzyna Bozek

Graph embedding learning that aims to automatically learn low-dimensional node representations, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. To date, most recent graph embedding methods are evaluated on social and information networks…