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Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) present diagnostic challenges due to their varied manifestations and overlapping imaging features. To address this, we propose a machine learning approach that utilizes CLIP, a multimodal (image and text)…

Chest X-rays (CXRs) are among the most commonly used medical image modalities. They are mostly used for screening, and an indication of disease typically results in subsequent tests. As this is mostly a screening test used to rule out chest…

Political scientists often grapple with data scarcity in text classification. Recently, fine-tuned BERT models and their variants have gained traction as effective solutions to address this issue. In this study, we investigate the potential…

The ubiquity of smart voice assistants has made conversational shopping commonplace. This is especially true for low consideration segments like grocery. A central problem in conversational grocery is the automatic generation of short…

The chest X-ray is often utilized for diagnosing common thoracic diseases. In recent years, many approaches have been proposed to handle the problem of automatic diagnosis based on chest X-rays. However, the scarcity of labeled data for…

Large-scale contrastive vision-language pre-trained models provide the zero-shot model achieving competitive performance across a range of image classification tasks without requiring training on downstream data. Recent works have confirmed…

Zero-shot medical detection can further improve detection performance without relying on annotated medical images even upon the fine-tuned model, showing great clinical value. Recent studies leverage grounded vision-language models (GLIP)…

Image-classification datasets have been used to pretrain image recognition models. Recently, web-scale image-caption datasets have emerged as a source of powerful pretraining alternative. Image-caption datasets are more ``open-domain'',…

In zero-shot image recognition tasks, humans demonstrate remarkable flexibility in classifying unseen categories by composing known simpler concepts. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs), despite achieving significant progress…

Due to the lack of properly annotated medical data, exploring the generalization capability of the deep model is becoming a public concern. Zero-shot learning (ZSL) has emerged in recent years to equip the deep model with the ability to…

We show that the choice of pretraining languages affects downstream cross-lingual transfer for BERT-based models. We inspect zero-shot performance in balanced data conditions to mitigate data size confounds, classifying pretraining…

Timely and rapid diagnoses are core to informing on optimum interventions that curb the spread of COVID-19. The use of medical images such as chest X-rays and CTs has been advocated to supplement the Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain…

Large multilingual pretrained language models such as mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa have been found to be surprisingly effective for cross-lingual transfer of syntactic parsing models (Wu and Dredze 2019), but only between related languages.…

Rare cancers comprise 20-25% of all malignancies but face major diagnostic challenges due to limited expert availability-especially in pediatric oncology, where they represent over 70% of cases. While pathology vision-language (VL)…

Predicting drug response in patients from preclinical data remains a major challenge in precision oncology due to the substantial biological gap between in vitro cell lines and patient tumors. Rather than aiming to improve absolute in vitro…

Annotating medical images for disease detection is often tedious and expensive. Moreover, the available training samples for a given task are generally scarce and imbalanced. These conditions are not conducive for learning effective deep…

Few-shot learning benchmarks are critical for evaluating modern NLP techniques. It is possible, however, that benchmarks favor methods which easily make use of unlabeled text, because researchers can use unlabeled text from the test set to…

Automated analysis of chest radiography using deep learning has tremendous potential to enhance the clinical diagnosis of diseases in patients. However, deep learning models typically require large amounts of annotated data to achieve high…

Zero-shot text learning enables text classifiers to handle unseen classes efficiently, alleviating the need for task-specific training data. A simple approach often relies on comparing embeddings of query (text) to those of potential…

Transformers that are pre-trained on multilingual corpora, such as, mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa, have achieved impressive cross-lingual transfer capabilities. In the zero-shot transfer setting, only English training data is used, and the…