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This paper introduces a novel complexity-informed approach to cybersecurity management, addressing the challenges found within complex cyber defences. We adapt and extend the complexity theory to cybersecurity and develop a quantitative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Lampis Alevizos

Few-shot learning aims to correctly recognize query samples from unseen classes given a limited number of support samples, often by relying on global embeddings of images. In this paper, we propose to equip the backbone network with an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Jie Hong , Pengfei Fang , Weihao Li , Tong Zhang , Christian Simon , Mehrtash Harandi , Lars Petersson

As cyber threats become more sophisticated, rapid and accurate vulnerability detection is essential for maintaining secure systems. This study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software vulnerability assessment by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 David Farr , Kevin Talty , Alexandra Farr , John Stockdale , Iain Cruickshank , Jevin West

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a severe challenge to cyber defense due to their stealthy behavior and the extreme class imbalance inherent in detection datasets. To address these issues, we propose a novel active learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Recently, different machine learning methods have been introduced to tackle the challenging few-shot learning scenario that is, learning from a small labeled dataset related to a specific task. Common approaches have taken the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Massimiliano Patacchiola , Jack Turner , Elliot J. Crowley , Michael O'Boyle , Amos Storkey

Few-shot Intent Detection is challenging due to the scarcity of available annotated utterances. Although recent works demonstrate that multi-level matching plays an important role in transferring learned knowledge from seen training classes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Hoang Nguyen , Chenwei Zhang , Congying Xia , Philip S. Yu

Continual learning strives to ensure stability in solving previously seen tasks while demonstrating plasticity in a novel domain. Recent advances in continual learning are mostly confined to a supervised learning setting, especially in NLP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Stella Ho , Ming Liu , Shang Gao , Longxiang Gao

Reinforcement learning methods can achieve significant performance but require a large amount of training data collected on the same robotic platform. A policy trained with expensive data is rendered useless after making even a minor change…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Ali Ghadirzadeh , Xi Chen , Petra Poklukar , Chelsea Finn , Mårten Björkman , Danica Kragic

Target-driven visual navigation is a challenging problem that requires a robot to find the goal using only visual inputs. Many researchers have demonstrated promising results using deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) on various robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Qian Luo , Maks Sorokin , Sehoon Ha

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been a promising essence in future 5G-beyond and 6G systems. Its main advantage lies in its robust model-free decision-making in complex and large-dimension wireless environments. However, most existing RL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Eslam Eldeeb , Hirley Alves

In an era marked by unprecedented digital complexity, the cybersecurity landscape is evolving at a breakneck pace, challenging traditional defense paradigms. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) reveal inherent vulnerabilities in conventional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Krti Tallam

Recent research has shown that the integration of Reinforcement Learning (RL) with Moving Target Defense (MTD) can enhance cybersecurity in Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. Nevertheless, the practicality of existing work is hindered by…

Few-shot Knowledge Graph (KG) Relational Reasoning aims to predict unseen triplets (i.e., query triplets) for rare relations in KGs, given only several triplets of these relations as references (i.e., support triplets). This task has gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Haochen Liu , Song Wang , Chen Chen , Jundong Li

To tackle the issues of catastrophic forgetting and overfitting in few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL), previous work has primarily concentrated on preserving the memory of old knowledge during the incremental phase. The role of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Wenhao Jiang , Duo Li , Menghan Hu , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaokang Yang , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Meta learning algorithms have been widely applied in many tasks for efficient learning, such as few-shot image classification and fast reinforcement learning. During meta training, the meta learner develops a common learning strategy, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Han Xu , Yaxin Li , Xiaorui Liu , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

Few-shot learning-the ability to train models with access to limited data-has become increasingly popular in the natural language processing (NLP) domain, as large language models such as GPT and T0 have been empirically shown to achieve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Robert Kraig Helmeczi , Mucahit Cevik , Savas Yıldırım

Few-shot semantic segmentation aims to segment novel-class objects in a given query image with only a few labeled support images. Most advanced solutions exploit a metric learning framework that performs segmentation through matching each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Jiacheng Chen , Bin-Bin Gao , Zongqing Lu , Jing-Hao Xue , Chengjie Wang , Qingmin Liao

Few-Shot Learning is the challenge of training a model with only a small amount of data. Many solutions to this problem use meta-learning algorithms, i.e. algorithms that learn to learn. By sampling few-shot tasks from a larger dataset, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Etienne Bennequin

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent sophisticated cyberattacks characterized by their ability to remain undetected within the victim system for extended periods, aiming to exfiltrate sensitive data or disrupt operations. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Wei Qiao , Yebo Feng , Teng Li , Zhuo Ma , Yulong Shen , JianFeng Ma , Yang Liu

Defending computer networks from cyber attack requires timely responses to alerts and threat intelligence. Decisions about how to respond involve coordinating actions across multiple nodes based on imperfect indicators of compromise while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-05 John Mern , Kyle Hatch , Ryan Silva , Cameron Hickert , Tamim Sookoor , Mykel J. Kochenderfer