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Heavy-tailed phenomena appear across diverse domains --from wealth and firm sizes in economics to network traffic, biological systems, and physical processes-- characterized by the disproportionate influence of extreme values. These…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Hamidreza Maleki Almani

We introduce the notion of symmetric covariation, which is a new measure of dependence between two components of a symmetric $\alpha$-stable random vector, where the stability parameter $\alpha$ measures the heavy-tailedness of its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-20 Yujia Ding , Qidi Peng

We investigate the theoretical properties of general diffusion (interpolation) paths and their Langevin Monte Carlo implementation, referred to as diffusion annealed Langevin Monte Carlo (DALMC), under weak conditions on the data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-14 Paula Cordero-Encinar , O. Deniz Akyildiz , Andrew B. Duncan

The delta method is a popular and elementary tool for deriving limiting distributions of transformed statistics, while applications of asymptotic distributions do not allow one to obtain desirable accuracy of approximation for tail…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-19 Fuqing Gao , Xingqiu Zhao

Anomaly detection methods are widely used but often rely on ad hoc rules or strong assumptions, and they often focus on tail events, missing ``inlier'' anomalies that occur in low-density gaps between modes. We propose a unified framework…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-11 Rob J Hyndman , David T. Frazier

Let R be a positive random variable independent of S which is beta distributed. In this paper we are interested on the relation between the distribution function of R and that of RS. For this model we derive first some distributional…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-05-14 Enkelejd Hashorva

In this article two methods to distinguish between polynomial and exponential tails are introduced. The methods are mainly based on the properties of the residual coefficient of variation for the exponential and non-exponential…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-12-21 Joan del Castillo , Jalila Daoudi , Richard Lockhart

In this paper, we consider the extreme behavior of a Gaussian random field $f(t)$ living on a compact set $T$. In particular, we are interested in tail events associated with the integral $\int_Te^{f(t)}\,dt$. We construct a (non-Gaussian)…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-05-20 Jingchen Liu , Gongjun Xu

A particular direction of recent advance about stochastic deep-learning algorithms has been about uncovering a rather mysterious heavy-tailed nature of the stationary distribution of these algorithms, even when the data distribution is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Sayar Karmakar , Anirbit Mukherjee

We study inference on the common stochastic trends in a non-stationary, $N$-variate time series $y_{t}$, in the possible presence of heavy tails. We propose a novel methodology which does not require any knowledge or estimation of the tail…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-07-30 Matteo Barigozzi , Giuseppe Cavaliere , Lorenzo Trapani

We derive the tail inequalities between two random variables starting from inequalities between its moment, or more generally between its Lebesgue-Riesz norms, which holds true on certain sets of parameters. We consider some applications…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-06 M. R. Formica , E. Ostrovsky , L. Sirota

We introduce $\zeta$- and $s$-values as quantile-based standardizations that are particularly suited for hypothesis testing. Unlike p-values, which express tail probabilities, $s$-values measure the number of semi-tail units into a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-01 Paul W. Vos

We investigate front propagation in systems with diffusive and sub-diffusive behavior. The scaling behavior of moments of the diffusive problem, both in the standard and in the anomalous cases, is not enough to determine the features of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-06 Maurizio Serva , Davide Vergni , Angelo Vulpiani

We consider the sums $S_n=\xi_1+\cdots+\xi_n$ of independent identically distributed random variables. We do not assume that the $\xi$'s have a finite mean. Under subexponential type conditions on distribution of the summands, we find the…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-20 D. Denisov , S. Foss , D. Korshunov

In this paper, asymptotic behavior of convolution of distributions belonging to two subclasses of distributions with exponential tails are considered, respectively. The precise second-order tail asymptotics of the convolutions are derived…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-22 Zuoxiang Peng , Xin Liao

For a centered $d$-dimensional Gaussian random vector $\xi =(\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_d)$ and a homogeneous function $h:R^d\to R$ we derive asymptotic expansions for the tail of the Gaussian chaos $h(\xi)$ given the function $h$ is sufficiently…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-02-18 Enkelejd Hashorva , Dmitry Korshunov , Vladimir I. Piterbarg

The results of a series of theoretical studies are reported, examining the convergence rate for different approximate representations of $\alpha$-stable distributions. Although they play a key role in modelling random processes with jumps…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Marina Riabiz , Tohid Ardeshiri , Ioannis Kontoyiannis , Simon Godsill

Standard Gini covariance and Gini correlation play important roles in measuring the dependence of random variables with heavy tails. However, the asymmetry brings a substantial difficulty in interpretation. In this paper, we propose a…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-05-10 Yongli Sang , Xin Dang , Hailin Sang

We establish some asymptotic expansions for infinite weighted convolution of distributions having regular varying tails. Various applications to statistics and probability are developed.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Ph. Barbe , W. P. McCormick

This article discusses modelling of the tail of a multivariate distribution function by means of a large deviation principle (LDP), and its application to the estimation of the probability of a multivariate extreme event from a sample of n…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-23 Cees de Valk