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Nanomagnetic arrays are widespread in data storage and processing. As current technologies approach fundamental limits on size and thermal stability, extracting additional functionality from arrays is crucial to advancing technological…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-05-07 J C Gartside , D M Arroo , D M Burn , V L Bemmer , A Moskalenko , L F Cohen , W R Branford

Artificial spin ices (ASI) are arrays of single domain nano-magnetic islands, arranged in geometries that give rise to frustrated magnetostatic interactions. It is possible to reach their ground state via thermal annealing. We have made…

Artificial spin ices were originally introduced as analogs of the pyrochlore spin ices, but have since become a much richer field . The original attraction of building nanotechnological analogs of the pyrochlores were threefold: to allow…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-11-03 Christopher Marrows

Artificial spin ice is a frustrated magnetic two-dimensional nano-material, recently employed to study variety of tailor-designed unusual collective behaviours. Recently proposed extensions to three dimensions are based on self-assembly…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-01-03 Gia-Wei Chern , Charles Reichhardt , Cristiano Nisoli

Artificial spin ice systems are metamaterials composed of interacting nanomagnets arranged on a lattice, exhibiting geometrical frustration and emergent phenomena such as monopole excitations. We explore magnetization dynamics and monopole…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Julia Frank , Johan van Lierop , Robert L. Stamps

Artificial spin ices are frustrated spin systems that can be engineered, wherein fine tuning of geometry and topology has allowed the design and characterization of exotic emergent phenomena at the constituent level. Here we report a…

Artificial spin ice systems have opened experimental windows into a range of model magnetic systems through the control of interactions among nanomagnet moments. This control has previously been enabled by altering the nanomagnet size and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Susan Kempinger , Yu-Sheng Huang , Paul Lammert , Michael Vogel , Axel Hoffmann , Vincent H. Crespi , Peter Schiffer , Nitin Samarth

Artificial spin ices are magnetic metamaterials comprising geometrically-tiled interacting nanomagnets. There is significant interest in these systems for reconfigurable magnonics due to their vast microstate landscape. Studies to-date have…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Alex Vanstone , Jack C. Gartside , Kilian D. Stenning , Troy Dion , Daan M. Arroo , Will R. Branford

Using extensive numerical simulations, we probe the magnetization switching in two-dimensional artificial spin ice (ASI) system consisting of peanut-shaped nanomagnets. We also investigated the effect of the external magnetic field on the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Avinash Chaurasiya , Manish Anand , Rajdeep Singh Rawat

It is of great interest to develop methods to rapidly and effectively control the magnetic configurations in artificial spin ices, which are arrangements of dipolar coupled nanomagnets that have a variety of fascinating collective magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 D. Pecchio , S. Sahoo , O. Chubykalo-Fesenko , S. Koraltan , G. M. Macauley , T. Thomson , D. Suess , V. Scagnoli , L. J. Heyderman

It has long been known that disorder, perturbing the energy landscape of magnetic systems, can introduce glassy dynamics. However, the controlled role of increasing disorder in driving glass formation remains difficult to isolate in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Davis Crater , Ryan Mueller , Sanjib Thapa , Kevin Hofhuis , Armin Kleibert , Francesco Caravelli , Alan Farhan

Applied magnetic fields are an important tuning parameter for artificial spin ice (ASI) systems, as they can drive phase transitions between different magnetic ground states, or tune through regimes with high populations of emergent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 M. Goryca , X. Zhang , J. D. Watts , C. Nisoli , C. Leighton , P. Schiffer , S. A. Crooker

Artificial spin ice (ASI) represents a class of uniquely structured superlattices comprising geometrically arranged interacting nanomagnets. This arrangement facilitates the exploration of magnetic frustration phenomena and related spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 G. A. Gomez-Iriarte , D. E. Gonzalez-Chavez , R. L. Sommer , J. P. Sinnecker

Artificial spin ices are engineered arrays of dipolarly coupled nanobar magnets. They enable direct investigations of fascinating collective phenomena from their diverse microstates. However, experimental access to ground states in the…

Current research on artificial spin ice (ASI) systems has revealed unique hysteretic memory effects and mobile quasi-particle monopoles controlled by externally applied magnetic fields. Here, we numerically demonstrate a strain-mediated…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Andres C. Chavez , Anthony Barra , Gregory P. Carman

We study the defect dynamics in a colloidal spin ice system realized by filling a square lattice of topographic double well islands with repulsively interacting magnetic colloids. We focus on the contraction of defects in the ground state,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-12-26 Johannes Loehr , Antonio Ortiz-Ambriz , Pietro Tierno

We use the sixteen vertex model to describe bi-dimensional artificial spin ice (ASI). We find excellent agreement between vertex densities in fifteen differently grown samples and the predictions of the model. Our results demonstrate that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-10-01 Demian Levis , Leticia F. Cugliandolo , Laura Foini , Marco Tarzia

Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are ideal systems for exploring reconfigurable magnonics. They provide huge microstate spaces and integrated solutions for storage and neuromorphic computing alongside GHz functionality. These…

We investigate dipolar coupling fields in two square-lattice artificial spin ice (ASI) systems with different lattice constants using scanning probe microscopy based on a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. This technique offers…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Ephraim Spindler , Vinayak Shantaram Bhat , Elke Neu , Mathias Weiler , M. Benjamin Jungfleisch

Rotating all islands in square artificial spin ice (ASI) uniformly about their centres gives rise to the recently reported pinwheel ASI. At angles around 45$^\mathrm{o}$, the antiferromagnetic ordering changes to ferromagnetic and the…