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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as a promising paradigm in autonomous driving (AD). However, current performance evaluation protocols for VLM-based AD systems (ADVLMs) are predominantly confined to open-loop settings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Tianyuan Zhang , Ting Jin , Lu Wang , Jiangfan Liu , Siyuan Liang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

This paper develops a novel car-following control method to reduce voluntary driver interventions and improve traffic stability in Automated Vehicles (AVs). Through a combination of experimental and empirical analysis, we show how voluntary…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Xinzhi Zhong , Yang Zhou , Varshini Kamaraj , Zhenhao Zhou , Wissam Kontar , Dan Negrut , John D. Lee , Soyoung Ahn

The increasing complexity of automated driving functions and their growing operational design domains imply more demanding requirements on their validation. Classical methods such as field tests or formal analyses are not sufficient anymore…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Nicole Neis , Juergen Beyerer

Rare and challenging driving scenarios are critical for autonomous vehicle development. Since they are difficult to encounter, simulating or generating them using generative models is a popular approach. Following previous efforts to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Arthur Hubert , Gamal Elghazaly , Raphaël Frank

Automated vehicles are deemed to be the key element for the intelligent transportation system in the future. Many studies have been made to improve the Automated vehicles' ability of environment recognition and vehicle control, while the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Yingjun Ye , Xiaohui Zhang , Jian Sun

In mixed autonomy traffic environment, every decision made by an autonomous-driving car may have a great impact on the transportation system. Because of the complex interaction between vehicles, it is challenging to make decisions that can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ye Han , Lijun Zhang , Dejian Meng , Xingyu Hu , Yixia Lu

We present ChatScene, a Large Language Model (LLM)-based agent that leverages the capabilities of LLMs to generate safety-critical scenarios for autonomous vehicles. Given unstructured language instructions, the agent first generates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jiawei Zhang , Chejian Xu , Bo Li

Generating realistic and diverse road scenarios is essential for autonomous vehicle testing and validation. Nevertheless, owing to the complexity and variability of real-world road environments, creating authentic and varied scenarios for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Junjie Zhou , Lin Wang , Qiang Meng , Xiaofan Wang

While autonomous vehicles (AVs) may perform remarkably well in generic real-life cases, their irrational action in some unforeseen cases leads to critical safety concerns. This paper introduces the concept of collaborative reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Utku Ayvaz , Chih-Hong Cheng , Hao Shen

Tactical decision making is a critical feature for advanced driving systems, that incorporates several challenges such as complexity of the uncertain environment and reliability of the autonomous system. In this work, we develop a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Majid Moghadam , Gabriel Hugh Elkaim

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a promising way for intelligent agents (e.g., autonomous vehicles) to learn to navigate complex scenarios. However, DRL with neural networks as function approximators is typically considered a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jiachen Li , David Isele , Kanghoon Lee , Jinkyoo Park , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Autonomous driving decision-making is a challenging task due to the inherent complexity and uncertainty in traffic. For example, adjacent vehicles may change their lane or overtake at any time to pass a slow vehicle or to help traffic flow.…

In the simulation-based testing and evaluation of autonomous vehicles (AVs), how background vehicles (BVs) drive directly influences the AV's driving behavior and further impacts the testing result. Existing simulation platforms use either…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-05 Lin Liu , Shuo Feng , Yiheng Feng , Xichan Zhu , Henry X. Liu

The dynamic nature of driving environments and the presence of diverse road users pose significant challenges for decision-making in autonomous driving. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a popular approach to tackle this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Iman Sharifi , Mustafa Yildirim , Saber Fallah

Motion control algorithms in the presence of pedestrians are critical for the development of safe and reliable Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). Traditional motion control algorithms rely on manually designed decision-making policies which neglect…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Luca Crosato , Hubert P. H. Shum , Edmond S. L. Ho , Chongfeng Wei

This paper presents CLIP-RLDrive, a new reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework for improving the decision-making of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in complex urban driving scenarios, particularly in unsignalized intersections. To achieve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Erfan Doroudian , Hamid Taghavifar

Video generation models, as one form of world models, have emerged as one of the most exciting frontiers in AI, promising agents the ability to imagine the future by modeling the temporal evolution of complex scenes. In autonomous driving,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yang Zhou , Hao Shao , Letian Wang , Zhuofan Zong , Hongsheng Li , Steven L. Waslander

Experience-driven self-evolving agents aim to overcome the static nature of large language models by distilling reusable experience from past interactions, thus enabling adaptation to novel tasks at deployment time. This process places…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhiyuan Fan , Wenwei Jin , Feng Zhang , Bin Li , Yihong Dong , Yao Hu , Jiawei Li

The safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) are paramount, necessitating rigorous testing methodologies to uncover potential failures before deployment. Traditional testing approaches often prioritize either natural…

Scenario-based testing is considered state-of-the-art for verifying and validating Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) and Automated Driving Systems (ADSs). However, the practical application of scenario-based testing requires an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Joshua Ransiek , Johannes Plaum , Jacob Langner , Eric Sax