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In the rapidly evolving field of Large Language Models (LLMs), there is a critical need to thoroughly analyze their capabilities and risks. Central to our investigation are two novel elements. Firstly, it is the innovative parallels between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Jianqiiu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have rapidly penetrated into people's work and daily lives over the past few years, due to their extraordinary conversational skills and intelligence. ChatGPT has become the fastest-growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wenxuan Wang

ChatGPT is a type of artificial intelligence language model that uses deep learning algorithms to generate human-like responses to text-based prompts. The introduction of the latest ChatGPT version in November of 2022 has caused shockwaves…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Mohammad Fraiwan , Natheer Khasawneh

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

Language models (LMs) have achieved notable success in numerous NLP tasks, employing both fine-tuning and in-context learning (ICL) methods. While language models demonstrate exceptional performance, they face robustness challenges due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yuhang Zhou , Paiheng Xu , Xiaoyu Liu , Bang An , Wei Ai , Furong Huang

This paper investigates the novel application of Large Language Models (LLMs) with vision capabilities to analyze satellite imagery for village-level poverty prediction. Although LLMs were originally designed for natural language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Hamid Sarmadi , Ola Hall , Thorsteinn Rögnvaldsson , Mattias Ohlsson

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and publicly available ChatGPT have marked a significant turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into people's everyday lives. This study examines the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sandeep Kumar , Tirthankar Ghosal , Vinayak Goyal , Asif Ekbal

Scientific literature is growing exponentially, creating a critical bottleneck for researchers to efficiently synthesize knowledge. While general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential in text processing, they often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Fengyu She , Nan Wang , Hongfei Wu , Ziyi Wan , Jingmian Wang , Chang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and its competitors have caused a revolution in natural language processing, but their capabilities also introduce new security vulnerabilities. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess human-level cognitive and decision-making capabilities, making them a key technology for 6G. However, applying LLMs to the communication domain faces three major challenges: 1) Inadequate communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Feibo Jiang , Wanyun Zhu , Li Dong , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Octavia A. Dobre

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive ability for open-domain NLP tasks. However, LLMs are sometimes too footloose for natural language understanding (NLU) tasks which always have restricted output and input format. Their…

Drawing from the resources of psychoanalysis and critical media studies, in this paper we develop an analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated subjects. We argue the intentional fictional projection of subjectivity onto LLMs can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Liam Magee , Vanicka Arora , Luke Munn

Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily trained on text-based datasets, exhibit exceptional proficiencies in understanding and executing complex linguistic instructions via text outputs. However, they falter when requests to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has advanced natural language processing, yet concerns about cognitive biases are growing. In this paper, we investigate the anchoring effect, a cognitive bias where the mind relies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yiming Huang , Biquan Bie , Zuqiu Na , Weilin Ruan , Songxin Lei , Yutao Yue , Xinlei He

Rapid integration of large language models (LLMs) in health care is sparking global discussion about their potential to revolutionize health care quality and accessibility. At a time when improving health care quality and access remains a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Troy Zada , Natalie Tam , Francois Barnard , Marlize Van Sittert , Venkat Bhat , Sirisha Rambhatla

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often criticized for lacking true "understanding" and the ability to "reason" with their knowledge, being seen merely as autocomplete systems. We believe that this assessment might be missing a nuanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Venkat Venkatasubramanian

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT can infer personal attributes from seemingly innocuous text, raising privacy risks beyond memorized data leakage. While prior work has demonstrated these risks, little is known about how users…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Synthia Wang , Sai Teja Peddinti , Nina Taft , Nick Feamster

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in NLP. However, their ability to memorize, represent, and leverage commonsense knowledge has been a well-known pain point. In this paper, we specifically focus on ChatGPT, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Ning Bian , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Ben He , Shanshan Jiang , Bin Dong

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in natural language processing (NLP), showing a promising future of artificial generated intelligence (AGI). Despite their notable performance in the general domain, LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jingyuan Chen , Tao Wu , Wei Ji , Fei Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success and demonstrated superior performance across various tasks, including natural language processing (NLP), weather forecasting, biological protein folding, text generation, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sarang Patil , Zeyong Zhang , Yiran Huang , Tengfei Ma , Mengjia Xu