Related papers: On the Confidence Intervals in Bioequivalence Stud…
In recent years there have been a lot of interest to test for similarity between biological drug products, commonly known as biologics. Biologics are large and complex molecule drugs that are produced by living cells and hence these are…
We consider two problems that are attracting increasing attention in clinical dose finding studies. First, we assess the similarity of two non-linear regression models for two non-overlapping subgroups of patients over a restricted…
For randomized controlled trials to be conclusive, it is important to set the target sample size accurately at the design stage. Comparing two normal populations, the sample size calculation requires specification of the variance other than…
Matching algorithms are commonly used to predict matches between items in a collection. For example, in 1:1 face verification, a matching algorithm predicts whether two face images depict the same person. Accurately assessing the…
In clinical trials studying paired parts of a subject with binary outcomes, it is expected to collect measurements bilaterally. However, there are cases where subjects contribute measurements for only one part. By utilizing combined data,…
Measurements are generally collected as unilateral or bilateral data in clinical trials or observational studies. For example, in ophthalmology studies, the primary outcome is often obtained from one eye or both eyes of an individual. In…
In clinical studies with paired organs, binary outcomes often exhibit intra-subject correlation and may include a mixture of unilateral and bilateral observations. Under Donner's constant correlation model, we develop three likelihood-based…
The development of a new diagnostic test ideally follows a sequence of stages which, amongst other aims, evaluate technical performance. This includes an analytical validity study, a diagnostic accuracy study and an interventional clinical…
Consider a one-way analysis of covariance model. Suppose that the parameter of interest theta is a specified linear contrast of the expected responses, for a given value of the covariate. Also suppose that the inference of interest is a…
Randomization is a common technique used in clinical trials to eliminate potential bias and confounders in a patient population. Equal allocation to treatment groups is the standard due to its optimal efficiency in many cases. However, in…
Measurements are generally collected as unilateral or bilateral data in clinical trials or observational studies. For example, in ophthalmologic studies, statistical tests are often based on one or two eyes of an individual. For bilateral…
Consider a two-treatment, two-period crossover trial, with responses that are continuous random variables. We find a large-sample frequentist 1-alpha confidence interval for the treatment difference that utilizes the uncertain prior…
This paper develops a Bayesian approach for assessing equivalence and non-inferiority hypotheses in two-arm trials using relative belief ratios. A relative belief ratio is a measure of statistical evidence and can indicate evidence either…
There are over 55 different ways to construct a confidence respectively credible interval (CI) for the binomial proportion. Methods to compare them are necessary to decide which should be used in practice. The interval score has been…
Two-sided marketplace platforms often run experiments to test the effect of an intervention before launching it platform-wide. A typical approach is to randomize individuals into the treatment group, which receives the intervention, and the…
In this paper, a Bayesian approach is developed for simultaneously comparing multiple experimental treatments with a common control treatment in an exploratory clinical trial. The sample size is set to ensure that, at the end of the study,…
Statistical techniques are used in all branches of science to determine the feasibility of quantitative hypotheses. One of the most basic applications of statistical techniques in comparative analysis is the test of equality of two…
An ongoing "reproducibility crisis" calls into question scientific discoveries across a variety of disciplines ranging from life to social sciences. Replication studies aim to investigate the validity of findings in published research, and…
Molecular simulations and biophysical experiments can be used to provide independent and complementary insights into the molecular origin of biological processes. A particularly useful strategy is to use molecular simulations as a modelling…
Statistical significance measures the reliability of a result obtained from a random experiment. We investigate the number of repetitions needed for a statistical result to have a certain significance. In the first step, we consider…