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Quantified constraints and Quantified Boolean Formulae are typically much more difficult to reason with than classical constraints, because quantifier alternation makes the usual notion of solution inappropriate. As a consequence, basic…
In this paper, we investigate the proof complexity of a wide range of substructural systems. For any proof system $\mathbf{P}$ at least as strong as Full Lambek calculus, $\mathbf{FL}$, and polynomially simulated by the extended Frege…
We study the proof theory and algorithms for orthologic, a logical system based on ortholattices, which have shown practical relevance in simplification and normalization of verification conditions. Ortholattices weaken Boolean algebras…
A number of flexible tactic-based logical frameworks are nowadays available that can implement a wide range of mathematical theories using a common higher-order metalanguage. Used as proof assistants, one of the advantages of such powerful…
In reductive proof search, proofs are naturally generalized by solutions, comprising all possibly infinite structures generated by locally correct, bottom-up application of inference rules. We propose an extension of the Curry-Howard…
Propositional Typicality Logic (PTL) is a recently proposed logic, obtained by enriching classical propositional logic with a typicality operator capturing the most typical (alias normal or conventional) situations in which a given sentence…
Pattern-Based Constraint Satisfaction and Logic Puzzles develops a pure logic, pattern-based perspective of solving the finite Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP), with emphasis on finding the "simplest" solution. Different ways of…
In this paper we present a transformation of finite propositional default theories into so-called propositional argumentation systems. This transformation allows to characterize all notions of Reiter's default logic in the framework of…
Instances of logical cryptanalysis, circuit verification, and bounded model checking can often be succinctly represented as a combined satisfiability (SAT) problem where an instance is a combination of traditional clauses and parity…
This paper is concerned with a class of algorithms that perform exhaustive search on propositional knowledge bases. We show that each of these algorithms defines and generates a propositional language. Specifically, we show that the trace…
The classical satisfiability problem (SAT) is used as a natural and general tool to express and solve combinatorial problems that are in NP. We postulate that provability for implicational intuitionistic propositional logic (IIPC) can serve…
Compared with constraint satisfaction problems, counting problems have received less attention. In this paper, we survey research works on the problems of counting the number of solutions to constraints. The constraints may take various…
Prolog is a well known declarative programming language based on propositional Horn formulas. It is useful in various areas, including artificial intelligence, automated theorem proving, mathematical logic and so on. An active research area…
We introduce a formal logical language, called conditional probability logic (CPL), which extends first-order logic and which can express probabilities, conditional probabilities and which can compare conditional probabilities. Intuitively…
The paper is a contribution both to the theoretical foundations and to the actual construction of efficient automatizable proof procedures for non-classical logics. We focus here on the case of finite-valued logics, and exhibit: (i) a…
Following the idea of Subexponential Linear Logic and Stratified Bounded Linear Logic, we propose a new parameterized version of Linear Logic which subsumes other systems like ELL, LLL or SLL, by including variants of the exponential rules.…
We study a conservative extension of classical propositional logic distinguishing between four modes of statement: a proposition may be affirmed or denied, and it may be strong or classical. Proofs of strong propositions must be…
ACLP is a system which combines abductive reasoning and constraint solving by integrating the frameworks of Abductive Logic Programming (ALP) and Constraint Logic Programming (CLP). It forms a general high-level knowledge representation…
To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP). Tabling is a commonly used technique in logic programming for avoiding cyclic behavior of logic programs and enabling more declarative program definitions. Furthermore, tabling…
We study a new class of NP search problems, those which can be proved total using standard combinatorial reasoning based on approximate counting. Our model for this kind of reasoning is the bounded arithmetic theory $\mathrm{APC}_2$ of…