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The recent statistical theory of neural networks focuses on nonparametric denoising problems that treat randomness as additive noise. Variability in image classification datasets does, however, not originate from additive noise but from…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Juntong Chen , Sophie Langer , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has achieved great success in image classification. The classification model can also be utilized at image or patch level for many other applications, such as object detection and segmentation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Jun Yuan , Bingbing Ni , Ashraf A. Kassim

This paper proposes an efficient system for classifying cervical cancer cells using pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs). We first fine-tune five pre-trained CNNs and minimize the overall cost of misclassification by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ashfiqun Mustari , Rushmia Ahmed , Afsara Tasnim , Jakia Sultana Juthi , G M Shahariar

The success of deep learning is usually accompanied by the growth in neural network depth. However, the traditional training method only supervises the neural network at its last layer and propagates the supervision layer-by-layer, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Linfeng Zhang , Xin Chen , Junbo Zhang , Runpei Dong , Kaisheng Ma

Noisy images are a challenge to image compression algorithms due to the inherent difficulty of compressing noise. As noise cannot easily be discerned from image details, such as high-frequency signals, its presence leads to extra bits…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Yuxin Xie , Li Yu , Farhad Pakdaman , Moncef Gabbouj

An effective way to obtain different perspectives on any given topic is by conducting a debate, where participants argue for and against the topic. Here, we propose a novel debate framework for understanding and explaining a continuous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Avinash Kori , Ben Glocker , Francesca Toni

As black-box AI-driven decision-making systems become increasingly widespread in modern document processing workflows, improving their transparency and reliability has become critical, especially in high-stakes applications where biases or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Saifullah Saifullah , Stefan Agne , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Recent advancements in image classification have demonstrated that contrastive learning (CL) can aid in further learning tasks by acquiring good feature representation from a limited number of data samples. In this paper, we applied CL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Anchen Sun , Elizabeth J. Franzmann , Zhibin Chen , Xiaodong Cai

Interpreting the decision logic behind effective deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) on images complements the success of deep learning models. However, the existing methods can only interpret some specific decision logic on individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Peter Cho-Ho Lam , Lingyang Chu , Maxim Torgonskiy , Jian Pei , Yong Zhang , Lanjun Wang

Existing algorithms for explaining the outputs of image classifiers are based on a variety of approaches and produce explanations that frequently lack formal rigour. On the other hand, logic-based explanations are formally and rigorously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 David A Kelly , Hana Chockler

Treating images as data has become increasingly popular in political science. While existing classifiers for images reach high levels of accuracy, it is difficult to systematically assess the visual features on which they base their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Stefan Scholz , Nils B. Weidmann , Zachary C. Steinert-Threlkeld , Eda Keremoğlu , Bastian Goldlücke

We present a holistic approach for high resolution image classification that won second place in the ICCV/CVPPA2023 Deep Nutrient Deficiency Challenge. The approach consists of a full pipeline of: 1) data distribution analysis to check…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yi Wang

Despite the widespread use of unsupervised models, very few methods are designed to explain them. Most explanation methods explain a scalar model output. However, unsupervised models output representation vectors, the elements of which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Chris Lin , Hugh Chen , Chanwoo Kim , Su-In Lee

Deep convolutional neural networks have shown high efficiency in computer visions and other applications. However, with the increase in the depth of the networks, the computational complexity is growing exponentially. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Ali Mirzaeian , Sai Manoj , Ashkan Vakil , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

Image orientation detection requires high-level scene understanding. Humans use object recognition and contextual scene information to correctly orient images. In literature, the problem of image orientation detection is mostly confronted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Kunal Swami , Pranav P. Deshpande , Gaurav Khandelwal , Ajay Vijayvargiya

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications, yet they remain limited by oversmoothing and poor performance on heterophilic graphs. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Cristina López Amado , Tassilo Schwarz , Yu Tian , Renaud Lambiotte

Despite the recent advances in optical character recognition (OCR), mathematical expressions still face a great challenge to recognize due to their two-dimensional graphical layout. In this paper, we propose a convolutional sequence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Zuoyu Yan , Xiaode Zhang , Liangcai Gao , Ke Yuan , Zhi Tang

Long-tailed distributions frequently emerge in real-world data, where a large number of minority categories contain a limited number of samples. Such imbalance issue considerably impairs the performance of standard supervised learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Chaoqun Du , Yulin Wang , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Graph Neural Networks achieve remarkable results on problems with structured data but come as black-box predictors. Transferring existing explanation techniques, such as occlusion, fails as even removing a single node or edge can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Lukas Faber , Amin K. Moghaddam , Roger Wattenhofer

Deep convolutional neural networks have proven to be well suited for image classification applications. However, if there is distortion in the image, the classification accuracy can be significantly degraded, even with state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Minho Ha , Younghoon Byeon , Youngjoo Lee , Sunggu Lee