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The Generative AI Ethics Playbook provides guidance for identifying and mitigating risks of machine learning systems across various domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI. This playbook aims to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jessie J. Smith , Wesley Hanwen Deng , William H. Smith , Maarten Sap , Nicole DeCario , Jesse Dodge

Fairness is a crucial concern for generative models, which not only reflect but can also amplify societal and cultural biases. Existing fairness notions for generative models are largely adapted from classification and focus on balancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alexandre Verine , Rafael Pinot , Florian Le Bronnec

AI safety is a rapidly growing area of research that seeks to prevent the harm and misuse of frontier AI technology, particularly with respect to generative AI (GenAI) tools that are capable of creating realistic and high-quality content…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Pin-Yu Chen

Watermarking embeds information into digital content like images, audio, or text, imperceptible to humans but robustly detectable by specific algorithms. This technology has important applications in many challenges of the industry such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pierre Fernandez

Generative AI enables automated, effective manipulation at scale. Despite the growing general ethical discussion around generative AI, the specific manipulation risks remain inadequately investigated. This article outlines essential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Michael Klenk

Generative AI systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) usually use content moderation to prevent harmful content spread. To evaluate the robustness of content moderation, several metamorphic testing techniques have been proposed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Honghao Tan , Haibo Wang , Diany Pressato , Yisen Xu , Shin Hwei Tan

To responsibly develop Generative AI (GenAI) products, it is critical to define the scope of acceptable inputs and outputs. What constitutes a "safe" response is an actively debated question. Academic work puts an outsized focus on…

Generative AI models like GPT-4o and DALL-E 3 are reshaping digital content creation, offering industries tools to generate diverse and sophisticated text and images with remarkable creativity and efficiency. This paper examines both the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Atahan Karagoz

Content moderation plays a critical role in shaping safe and inclusive online environments, balancing platform standards, user expectations, and regulatory frameworks. Traditionally, this process involves operationalising policies into…

Automated content moderation has long been used to help identify and filter undesired user-generated content online. But such systems have a history of incorrectly flagging content by and about marginalized identities for removal.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Grace Proebsting , Oghenefejiro Isaacs Anigboro , Charlie M. Crawford , Danaé Metaxa , Sorelle A. Friedler

Designing sustainable systems involves complex interactions between environmental resources, social impacts, and economic issues. In a constrained world, the challenge is to achieve a balanced design across those dimensions while avoiding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Christophe Ponsard , Bérengère Nihoul , Mounir Touzani

As large language models become integral to high-stakes applications, ensuring their robustness and fairness is critical. Despite their success, large language models remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where small perturbations, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Danqing Chen , Tobias Ladner , Ahmed Rayen Mhadhbi , Matthias Althoff

Large-scale pre-trained generative models are taking the world by storm, due to their abilities in generating creative content. Meanwhile, safeguards for these generative models are developed, to protect users' rights and safety, most of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Guanlin Li , Kangjie Chen , Shudong Zhang , Jie Zhang , Tianwei Zhang

As generative large model capabilities advance, safety concerns become more pronounced in their outputs. To ensure the sustainable growth of the AI ecosystem, it's imperative to undertake a holistic evaluation and refinement of associated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jiawen Deng , Jiale Cheng , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Minlie Huang

Generative AI, in particular text-based "foundation models" (large models trained on a huge variety of information including the internet), can generate speech that could be problematic under a wide range of liability regimes. Machine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Peter Henderson , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Mark Lemley

Generative AI has made significant strides, yet concerns about the accuracy and reliability of its outputs continue to grow. Such inaccuracies can have serious consequences such as inaccurate decision-making, the spread of false…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Nan Tang , Chenyu Yang , Ju Fan , Lei Cao , Yuyu Luo , Alon Halevy

The significant advancements in applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) to healthcare decision-making, medical diagnosis, and other domains have simultaneously raised concerns about the fairness and bias of AI systems. This is particularly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Emilio Ferrara

Disparities in the societal harms and impacts of Generative AI (GenAI) systems highlight the critical need for effective unfairness measurement approaches. While numerous benchmarks exist, designing valid measurements requires proper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kimberly Le Truong , Annette Zimmermann , Hoda Heidari

Recent advances in the capacity of large language models to generate human-like text have resulted in their increased adoption in user-facing settings. In parallel, these improvements have prompted a heated discourse around the risks of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Sachin Kumar , Vidhisha Balachandran , Lucille Njoo , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Yulia Tsvetkov

Controlling the behavior of text-to-image generative models is critical for safe and practical deployment. Existing safety approaches typically rely on model fine-tuning or curated datasets, which can degrade generation quality or limit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yaoteng Tan , Zikui Cai , M. Salman Asif