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This paper investigates the problem of distributed stochastic approximation in multi-agent systems. The algorithm under study consists of two steps: a local stochastic approximation step and a diffusion step which drives the network to a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Gemma Morral , Pascal Bianchi , Gersende Fort

This paper considers power distribution networks with distributed energy resources and designs an incentive-based algorithm that allows the network operator and customers to pursue given operational and economic objectives while…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-14 Xinyang Zhou , Zhiyuan Liu , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Lijun Chen

Decentralized learning often involves a weighted global loss with heterogeneous node weights $\lambda$. We revisit two natural strategies for incorporating these weights: (i) embedding them into the local losses to retain a uniform weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Bing Liu , Boao Kong , Limin Lu , Kun Yuan , Chengcheng Zhao

Neural stochastic differential equation model with a Brownian motion term can capture epistemic uncertainty of deep neural network from the perspective of a dynamical system. The goal of this paper is to improve the convergence rate of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Daili Sheng , Minghui Song , Xiang Peng , Xuanqi Dong

Transformers have proven highly effective across modalities, but standard softmax attention scales quadratically with sequence length, limiting long context modeling. Linear attention mitigates this by approximating attention with kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ashkan Shahbazi , Chayne Thrash , Yikun Bai , Keaton Hamm , Navid NaderiAlizadeh , Soheil Kolouri

Learning reduced descriptions of chaotic many-body dynamics is fundamentally challenging: although microscopic equations are Markovian, collective observables exhibit strong memory and exponential sensitivity to initial conditions and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Ho Jang , Gia-Wei Chern

Biochemical reactions involving three or more reactants, called higher-molecular reactions, play an important role in theoretical systems and synthetic biology. In particular, such reactions underpin a variety of important bio-dynamical…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-05 Tomislav Plesa

We study counterfactual regression, which aims to map input features to outcomes under hypothetical scenarios that differ from those observed in the data. This is particularly useful for decision-making when adapting to sudden shifts in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-08 Kwangho Kim

Response-adaptive randomization has recently attracted a lot of attention in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new and simple family of response-adaptive randomization procedures that attain the Cramer--Rao lower bounds on the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-25 Feifang Hu , Li-Xin Zhang , Xuming He

We describe a new approach for managing aleatoric uncertainty in the Reinforcement Learning (RL) paradigm. Instead of selecting actions according to a single statistic, we propose a distributional method based on the second-order stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 John D. Martin , Michal Lyskawinski , Xiaohu Li , Brendan Englot

The essence of a chemical reaction lies in the redistribution and reorganization of electrons, which is often manifested through electron transfer or the migration of electron pairs. These changes are inherently discrete and abrupt in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Haitao Lin , Junjie Wang , Zhifeng Gao , Xiaohong Ji , Rong Zhu , Linfeng Zhang , Guolin Ke , Weinan E

In this paper we propose a framework towards achieving two intertwined objectives: (i) equipping reinforcement learning with active exploration and deliberate information gathering, such that it regulates state and parameter uncertainties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Mohammad S. Ramadan , Mahmoud A. Hayajnh , Michael T. Tolley , Kyriakos G. Vamvoudakis

Stochastic reaction networks are mathematical models with a wide range of applications in biochemistry, ecology, and epidemiology, and are often complex to analyze. Except for some special cases, it is generally difficult to predict how the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Daniele Cappelletti , Giulio Cuniberti , Paola Siri

Attention-based neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks. Most such models use deterministic attention while stochastic attention is less explored due to the optimization difficulties or complicated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Shujian Zhang , Xinjie Fan , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Transformers are state-of-the-art in a wide range of NLP tasks and have also been applied to many real-world products. Understanding the reliability and certainty of transformer model predictions is crucial for building trustable machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Jiahuan Pei , Cheng Wang , György Szarvas

Accurately predicting chemical reaction outcomes and potential byproducts is a fundamental task of modern chemistry, enabling the efficient design of synthetic pathways and driving progress in chemical science. Reaction mechanism, which…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Shuan Chen , Kye Sung Park , Taewan Kim , Sunkyu Han , Yousung Jung

This paper is concerned with the state estimation problem for two-dimensional systems with asynchronous multichannel delays and energy harvesting constraints. In the system, each smart sensor has a certain probability of harvesting energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-15 Yu Chen , Wei Wang

This paper presents online-capable deep learning model for probabilistic vehicle trajectory prediction. We propose a simple encoder-decoder architecture based on multi-head attention. The proposed model generates the distribution of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Hayoung Kim , Dongchan Kim , Gihoon Kim , Jeongmin Cho , Kunsoo Huh

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for reliable decision-making under uncertainty. This paper focuses on DRO with ambiguity sets defined via the Sinkhorn discrepancy: an entropy-regularized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-16 Jie Wang

In this paper, we consider the distributed estimation problem of a linear stochastic system described by an autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (ARX) when both the system orders and parameters are unknown. We design distributed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 Die Gan , Zhixin Liu