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Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines are not fault-tolerant, operate few qubits (currently, less than hundred), but are capable of executing interesting computations. Above the quantum supremacy threshold (approx. 60 qubits),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-31 Alexandru Paler

Circuit cutting enables large quantum circuits to run on small NISQ devices, but it introduces an exponentially high sampling overhead. Here, we present CutVQA, a co-design framework that integrates circuit cutting with quantum architecture…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Jun Wu , Jicun Li , Jiaqi Yang , Wei Xie , Xiang-Yang Li

It is vital to minimise the impact of errors for near-future quantum devices that will lack the resources for full fault tolerance. Two quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques have been introduced recently, namely error extrapolation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Suguru Endo , Simon C. Benjamin , Ying Li

Higher-dimensional quantum systems (qudits) offer advantages in information encoding, error resilience, and compact gate implementations, and naturally arise in platforms such as superconducting and solid-state systems. However, realistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Yule Mayevsky , Akram Youssry , Ritik Sareen , Gerardo A. Paz-Silva , Alberto Peruzzo

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) algorithms, which run on noisy quantum computers should be carefully designed to boost the output state fidelity. While several compilation approaches have been proposed to minimize circuit errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Vedika Saravanan , Samah Mohamed Saeed

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices fail to produce outputs with sufficient fidelity for deep circuits with many gates today. Such devices suffer from read-out, multi-qubit gate and crosstalk noise combined with short…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-15 Ellis Wilson , Frank Mueller , Lindsay Bassman , Constin Iancu

Quantum optimization algorithms offer a promising route to finding the ground states of target Hamiltonians on near-term quantum devices. None the less, it remains necessary to limit the evolution time and circuit depth as much as possible,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Chenfeng Cao , Yunlong Yu , Zipeng Wu , Nic Shannon , Bei Zeng , Robert Joynt

The accurate estimation of quantum observables is a critical task in science. With progress on the hardware, measuring a quantum system will become increasingly demanding, particularly for variational protocols that require extensive…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods to demonstrate quantum advantage on near-term devices as the required resources are divided between a quantum simulator and a classical optimizer. As such, designing a VQA which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Yuhan Huang , Qingyu Li , Xiaokai Hou , Rebing Wu , Man-Hong Yung , Abolfazl Bayat , Xiaoting Wang

To get the best possible results from current quantum devices error mitigation is essential. In this work we present a simple but effective error mitigation technique based on the assumption that noise in a deep quantum circuit is well…

Quantum utility has been severely limited in superconducting quantum hardware until now by the modest number of qubits and the relatively high level of control and readout errors, due to the intentional coupling with the external…

The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in the development of quantum technologies. Although fault-tolerant devices likely remain years away, the noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices of today may be leveraged for other…

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), aiming at determining the ground state energy of a quantum system described by a Hamiltonian on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices, is among the most significant applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-12 Ze-Tong Li , Fan-Xu Meng , Han Zeng , Zai-Chen Zhang , Xu-Tao Yu

We demonstrate new experimental procedures for measuring small errors in a superconducting quantum bit (qubit). By carefully separating out gate and measurement errors, we construct a complete error budget and demonstrate single qubit gate…

Quantum computers are becoming increasingly accessible, and may soon outperform classical computers for useful tasks. However, qubit readout errors remain a significant hurdle to running quantum algorithms on current devices. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-28 Alistair W. R. Smith , Kiran E. Khosla , Chris N. Self , M. S. Kim

Quantum error correction and quantum error detection necessitate syndrome measurements to detect errors. Performing syndrome measurements for each stabilizer generator can be a significant overhead, considering the fact that the readout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Kento Tsubouchi , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Suguru Endo

While scalable, fully error corrected quantum computing is years or even decades away, there is considerable interest in noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing (NISQ). In this paper, we introduce the ArsoNISQ framework that determines…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Sebastian Brandhofer , Simon Devitt , Ilia Polian

Variational quantum dynamics simulations (VQDS) provide a promising route to simulate real- and imaginary-time quantum dynamics on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices using fixed-depth circuits. However, their practical performance is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Feng Zhang , Niladri Gomes , Joshua Aftergood , Thomas Iadecola , Yong-Xin Yao , Peter P. Orth

Variational quantum algorithms exploit the features of superposition and entanglement to optimize a cost function efficiently by manipulating the quantum states. They are suitable for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Yunya Liu , Jiakun Liu , Jordan R. Raney , Pai Wang