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Two major areas of modern radio astronomy, namely, explosive astrophysical transient phenomena and observations of cosmological structures, are driving the design of aperture arrays towards large numbers of low-cost elements consisting of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-15 Nithyanandan Thyagarajan

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is widely used in applications such as MRI, CT, and interferometry; however, because of its dependence on uniformly sampled data, it requires the use of gridding techniques for practical implementation. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Federico Achini , Paola Causin , Sara Vanini , Ke Chen , Simone Scacchi

We introduce SMURF, a scalable and unsupervised machine learning method for simultaneously segmenting vascular geometries and reconstructing velocity fields from 4D flow MRI data. SMURF models geometry and velocity fields using multilayer…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Atharva Hans , Abhishek Singh , Pavlos Vlachos , Ilias Bilionis

In the era of big data, radio astronomical image reconstruction algorithms are challenged to estimate clean images given limited computing resources and time. This article is driven by the need for large scale image reconstruction for the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-20 Rita Ammanouil , André Ferrari , David Mary , Chiara Ferrari , Francesca Loi

Computational spectral imaging (CSI) achieves real-time hyperspectral imaging through co-designed optics and algorithms, but typical CSI methods suffer from a bulky footprint and limited fidelity. Therefore, Spectral Deconvolution imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Tao Lv , Daoming Zhou , Chenglong Huang , Chongde Zi , Linsen Chen , Xun Cao

In order to fully utilize spatial information for segmentation and address the challenge of handling areas with significant grayscale variations in remote sensing segmentation, we propose the SFFNet (Spatial and Frequency Domain Fusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Yunsong Yang , Genji Yuan , Jinjiang Li

The one-dimensional (1D) fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) generalizes the Fourier transform, offering significant advantages in the time-frequency analysis of non-stationary signals. While various 2D extensions exist, such as the 2D…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Daxiang Li , Zhichao Zhang , Wei Yao

Infrared and Visible Image Fusion (IVIF) has shown promise in visual tasks under challenging environments, but fusion under unregistered conditions faces inherent misalignments. Current studies to solve them either predict the deformation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xingyuan Li , Haoyuan Xu , Xingyue Zhu , Jun Ma , Yang Zou , Zhiying Jiang , Jinyuan Liu

Vertex-frequency analysis, particularly the windowed graph Fourier transform (WGFT), is a significant challenge in graph signal processing. Tight frame theories is known for its low computational complexity in signal reconstruction, while…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Linbo Shang , Zhichao Zhang

Modern compression systems use linear transformations in their encoding and decoding processes, with transforms providing compact signal representations. While multiple data-dependent transforms for image/video coding can adapt to diverse…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Alessandro Gnutti , Fabrizio Guerrini , Riccardo Leonardi , Antonio Ortega

We present an unsupervised single image bidirectional Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) synthesizer that synthesizes an Ultra-Low Field (ULF) like image from a High-Field (HF) magnitude image and vice-versa. Unlike existing MRI synthesis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pranav Indrakanti , Ivor Simpson

Higher spatial resolution and larger imaging scene are always the goals pursued by advanced space-borne SAR system.High resolution and wide swath SAR imaging can provide more information about the illuminated scene of interest on one…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Xinhua Mao

Many areas of science and engineering encounter data defined on spherical manifolds. Modelling and analysis of spherical data often necessitates spherical harmonic transforms, at high degrees, and increasingly requires efficient computation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Matthew A. Price , Jason D. McEwen

We present a foundational, scalable algorithm architecture for processing data from aperture synthesis radio telescopes. The analysis leading to the architecture is rooted in the theory of aperture synthesis, signal processing and numerical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-28 S. Bhatnagar , U. Rau , M. Hsieh , J. Kern , R. Xue

Recent progress in synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) technology and processing has led to significant advances in underwater imaging, outperforming previously common approaches in both accuracy and efficiency. There are, however, inherent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-28 John McKay , Anne Gelb , Vishal Monga , Raghu Raj

In the context of next generation radio telescopes, like the Square Kilometre Array, the efficient processing of large-scale datasets is extremely important. Convex optimisation tasks under the compressive sensing framework have recently…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-10 Alexandru Onose , Rafael E. Carrillo , Audrey Repetti , Jason D. McEwen , Jean-Philippe Thiran , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Yves Wiaux

We introduce FusionRF, a novel framework for digital surface reconstruction from satellite multispectral and panchromatic images. Current work has demonstrated the increased accuracy of neural photogrammetry for surface reconstruction from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Michael Sprintson , Rama Chellappa , Cheng Peng

Next generation radio observatories such as the MWA, LWA, LOFAR, CARMA and SKA provide a number of challenges for interferometric data analysis. These challenges include heterogeneous arrays, direction-dependent instrumental gain, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Miguel F. Morales , Michael Matejek

We present Wavemoth, an experimental open source code for computing scalar spherical harmonic transforms (SHTs). Such transforms are ubiquitous in astronomical data analysis. Our code performs substantially better than existing publicly…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-17 D. S. Seljebotn

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is central to the analysis of uniformly sampled signals, yet many practical applications involve non-uniform sampling, requiring the Non-Uniform Discrete Fourier Transform (NUDFT). While quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Junaid Aftab , Yuehaw Khoo , Haizhao Yang