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Ensembling is a universally useful approach to boost the performance of machine learning models. However, individual models in an ensemble were traditionally trained independently in separate stages without information access about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Hanhan Li , Joe Yue-Hei Ng , Paul Natsev

Transfer learning - i.e., further fine-tuning a pre-trained model on a downstream task - can confer significant advantages, including improved downstream performance, faster convergence, and better sample efficiency. These advantages have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Prateek Yadav , Derek Tam , Leshem Choshen , Colin Raffel , Mohit Bansal

Multi-task model merging offers a promising paradigm for integrating multiple expert models into a unified model without additional training. Existing state-of-the-art techniques, such as Task Arithmetic and its variants, merge models by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

User data confidentiality protection is becoming a rising challenge in the present deep learning research. Without access to data, conventional data-driven model compression faces a higher risk of performance degradation. Recently, some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Yuhang Li , Feng Zhu , Ruihao Gong , Mingzhu Shen , Xin Dong , Fengwei Yu , Shaoqing Lu , Shi Gu

Deep learning has been shown to be very capable at performing many real-world tasks. However, this performance is often dependent on the presence of large and varied datasets. In some settings, like in the medical domain, data is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Arthur Guijt , Dirk Thierens , Ellen Kerkhof , Jan Wiersma , Tanja Alderliesten , Peter A. N. Bosman

Model merging has emerged as a practical paradigm for integrating multiple independently trained models into a single model without joint retraining. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of combining parameters through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhikang Chen , Sen Cui , Deheng Ye , Min Zhang , Gang Niu , Yu Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama , Tingting Zhu

Model merging enables powerful capabilities in neural networks without requiring additional training. In this paper, we introduce a novel perspective on model merging by leveraging the fundamental mechanisms of neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Haiquan Qiu , You Wu , Dong Li , Jianmin Guo , Quanming Yao

As machine learning tasks continue to evolve, the trend has been to gather larger datasets and train increasingly larger models. While this has led to advancements in accuracy, it has also escalated computational costs to unsustainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Mohammad Jafari , Yimeng Zhang , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu

The size of training dataset is known to be among the most dominating aspects of training high-performance face recognition embedding model. Building a large dataset from scratch could be cumbersome and time-intensive, while combining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Chiyoung Song , Dongjae Lee

Model merging combines fine-tuned checkpoints into a single multi-task model without retraining. Existing methods - such as task arithmetic, model soups, TIES, and DARE - are computationally efficient and empirically successful, but rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Bethan Evans , Benjamin Etheridge , Stephen Roberts , Jared Tanner

Model merging combines the parameters of multiple neural networks into a single model without additional training. As fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) proliferate, merging offers a computationally efficient alternative to ensembles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mingyang Song , Mao Zheng

Model merging (e.g., via interpolation or task arithmetic) fuses multiple models trained on different tasks to generate a multi-task solution. The technique has been proven successful in previous studies, where the models are trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yi-Lin Sung , Linjie Li , Kevin Lin , Zhe Gan , Mohit Bansal , Lijuan Wang

Multi-task model merging aims to consolidate knowledge from multiple fine-tuned task-specific experts into a unified model while minimizing performance degradation. Existing methods primarily approach this by minimizing differences between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yang Liu , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

Federated learning enables the creation of a powerful centralized model without compromising data privacy of multiple participants. While successful, it does not incorporate the case where each participant independently designs its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Daliang Li , Junpu Wang

As the state-of-the-art machine learning methods in many fields rely on larger datasets, storing datasets and training models on them become significantly more expensive. This paper proposes a training set synthesis technique for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Bo Zhao , Konda Reddy Mopuri , Hakan Bilen

In this paper, we present a novel data-free method for merging neural networks in weight space. Differently from most existing works, our method optimizes for the permutations of network neurons globally across all layers. This allows us to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Donato Crisostomi , Marco Fumero , Daniele Baieri , Florian Bernard , Emanuele Rodolà

Distributed machine learning generally aims at training a global model based on distributed data without collecting all the data to a centralized location, where two different approaches have been proposed: collecting and aggregating local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Hanlin Lu , Changchang Liu , Ting He , Shiqiang Wang , Kevin S. Chan

The effectiveness of machine learning algorithms arises from being able to extract useful features from large amounts of data. As model and dataset sizes increase, dataset distillation methods that compress large datasets into significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Timothy Nguyen , Roman Novak , Lechao Xiao , Jaehoon Lee

Model merging aims to integrate multiple expert models into a single model that inherits their complementary strengths without incurring the inference-time cost of ensembling. Recent progress has shown that merging can be highly effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilian Chen , Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Wen Wu , Xin Li , Qi Feng , Liang He

Model merging combines task experts into one model and avoids joint training, retraining, or deploying many expert models, but the merged model often still underperforms task experts. We study this performance gap through feature drift, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yanggan Gu , Shuo Cai , Zihao Wang , Wenjun Wang , Yuanyi Wang , Pengkai Wang , Sirui Huang , Su Lu , Jianmin Wu , Hongxia Yang