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Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are predominantly trained and tested on consistent visual-textual inputs, leaving open the question of whether they can handle inconsistencies in real-world, layout-rich content. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Qianqi Yan , Yue Fan , Hongquan Li , Shan Jiang , Yang Zhao , Xinze Guan , Ching-Chen Kuo , Xin Eric Wang

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. Recent research has introduced multimodal capabilities to LLMs by integrating independently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Utsav Garg , Erhan Bas

To enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in biomedical natural language processing (BioNLP) by introducing a domain-specific instruction dataset and examining its impact when combined with multi-task learning principles.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Hieu Tran , Zhichao Yang , Zonghai Yao , Hong Yu

End-to-end text-image machine translation (TIMT), which directly translates textual content in images across languages, is crucial for real-world multilingual scene understanding. Despite advances in vision-language large models (VLLMs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Gengluo Li , Chengquan Zhang , Yupu Liang , Huawen Shen , Yaping Zhang , Pengyuan Lyu , Weinong Wang , Xingyu Wan , Gangyan Zeng , Han Hu , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often rely on in-context learning (ICL) to perform new visual question answering (VQA) tasks with minimal supervision. However, ICL performance, especially in smaller LMMs, does not always improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Akash Gupta , Amos Storkey , Mirella Lapata

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) frequently exhibit errors in complex video reasoning scenarios, correcting these errors is critical for uncovering their weaknesses and improving performance. However, existing benchmarks lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xusen Hei , Jiali Chen , Jinyu Yang , Mengchen Zhao , Yi Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those similar to ChatGPT, have significantly influenced the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While these models excel in general language tasks, their performance in domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Omid Rohanian , Mohammadmahdi Nouriborji , David A. Clifton

Recent advancements in multimodal techniques open exciting possibilities for models excelling in diverse tasks involving text, audio, and image processing. Models like GPT-4V, blending computer vision and language modeling, excel in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Zijun Wu , Ning Shi

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their proficiency in understanding and reasoning over multiple images remains largely unexplored. While existing benchmarks have initiated the evaluation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Anurag Das , Adrian Bulat , Alberto Baldrati , Ioannis Maniadis Metaxas , Bernt Schiele , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Brais Martinez

Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Inducing reasoning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is critical for achieving human-level perception and understanding. Existing methods mainly leverage LLM reasoning to analyze parsed visuals, often limited by static perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ziang Yan , Xinhao Li , Yinan He , Zhengrong Yue , Xiangyu Zeng , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Limin Wang , Yi Wang

Large language models (LLMs) can be used as accessible and intelligent chatbots by constructing natural language queries and directly inputting the prompt into the large language model. However, different prompt' constructions often lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jinta Weng , Jiarui Zhang , Yue Hu , Daidong Fa , Xiaofeng Xuand , Heyan Huang

In Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs), the efficacy of In-Context Learning (ICL) remains limited by challenges in cross-modal interactions and representation disparities. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a novel Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yucheng Zhou , Xiang Li , Qianning Wang , Jianbing Shen

Large-scale models trained on extensive datasets have become the standard due to their strong generalizability across diverse tasks. In-context learning (ICL), widely used in natural language processing, leverages these models by providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Jiahao Zhang , Bowen Wang , Hong Liu , Liangzhi Li , Yuta Nakashima , Hajime Nagahara

Vision-language (VL) Pre-training (VLP) has shown to well generalize VL models over a wide range of VL downstream tasks, especially for cross-modal retrieval. However, it hinges on a huge amount of image-text pairs, which requires tedious…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Zixin Guo , Tzu-Jui Julius Wang , Selen Pehlivan , Abduljalil Radman , Jorma Laaksonen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) utilize multimodal contexts consisting of text, images, or videos to solve various multimodal tasks. However, we find that changing the order of multimodal input can cause the model's performance to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Zhijie Tan , Xu Chu , Weiping Li , Tong Mo

Interleaved-Modal Chain-of-Thought (I-MCoT) advances vision-language reasoning, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA). This paradigm integrates specially selected visual evidence from the input image into the context of Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiping Li , Jianghong Ma

There has been a growing interest in developing multimodal machine translation (MMT) systems that enhance neural machine translation (NMT) with visual knowledge. This problem setup involves using images as auxiliary information during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Devaansh Gupta , Siddhant Kharbanda , Jiawei Zhou , Wanhua Li , Hanspeter Pfister , Donglai Wei

Prompt tuning, a parameter- and data-efficient transfer learning paradigm that tunes only a small number of parameters in a model's input space, has become a trend in the vision community since the emergence of large vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yuhang Zang , Wei Li , Kaiyang Zhou , Chen Huang , Chen Change Loy

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on single-turn text-to-SQL tasks, but real-world database applications predominantly require multi-turn interactions to handle ambiguous queries, execution errors, and…