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Confusing-words are commonly encountered in real-life keyword spotting applications, which causes severe degradation of performance due to complex spoken terms and various kinds of words that sound similar to the predefined keywords. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yan Jia , Zexin Cai , Murong Ma , Zeqing Zhao , Xuyang Wang , Junjie Wang , Ming Li

Direct acoustics-to-word (A2W) systems for end-to-end automatic speech recognition are simpler to train, and more efficient to decode with, than sub-word systems. However, A2W systems can have difficulties at training time when data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Shane Settle , Kartik Audhkhasi , Karen Livescu , Michael Picheny

End-to-end acoustic-to-word speech recognition models have recently gained popularity because they are easy to train, scale well to large amounts of training data, and do not require a lexicon. In addition, word models may also be easier to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Shruti Palaskar , Vikas Raunak , Florian Metze

The keyword spotting (KWS) problem requires large amounts of real speech training data to achieve high accuracy across diverse populations. Utilizing large amounts of text-to-speech (TTS) synthesized data can reduce the cost and time…

Identifying user-defined keywords is crucial for personalizing interactions with smart devices. Previous approaches of user-defined keyword spotting (UDKWS) have relied on short-term spectral features such as mel frequency cepstral…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Kesavaraj V , Anuprabha M , Anil Kumar Vuppala

End-to-end (E2E) keyword search (KWS) has emerged as an alternative and complimentary approach to conventional keyword search which depends on the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. While E2E methods greatly simplify the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Bolaji Yusuf , Jan "Honza" Černocký , Murat Saraçlar

The recognition of rare named entities, such as personal names and terminologies, is challenging for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, especially when they are not frequently observed in the training data. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yuang Li , Min Zhang , Chang Su , Yinglu Li , Xiaosong Qiao , Mengxin Ren , Miaomiao Ma , Daimeng Wei , Shimin Tao , Hao Yang

As advancements in technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Speaker Verification (SV), and Text-to-Speech (TTS) lead to increased usage of intelligent voice assistants, the demand for privacy and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Jianan Pan , Kejie Huang

In many speech-enabled human-machine interaction scenarios, user speech can overlap with the device playback audio. In these instances, the performance of tasks such as keyword-spotting (KWS) and device-directed speech detection (DDD) can…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Samuele Cornell , Thomas Balestri , Thibaud Sénéchal

Acoustic word embeddings --- fixed-dimensional vector representations of arbitrary-length words --- have attracted increasing interest in query-by-example spoken term detection. Recently, on the fact that the orthography of text labels…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-02 Myunghun Jung , Hyungjun Lim , Jahyun Goo , Youngmoon Jung , Hoirin Kim

Keyword spotting (KWS) and speaker verification (SV) have been studied independently although it is known that acoustic and speaker domains are complementary. In this paper, we propose a multi-task network that performs KWS and SV…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-10 Myunghun Jung , Youngmoon Jung , Jahyun Goo , Hoirin Kim

This paper further explores our previous wake word spotting system ranked 2-nd in Track 1 of the MISP Challenge 2021. First, we investigate a robust unimodal approach based on 3D and 2D convolution and adopt the simple attention module…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Haoxu Wang , Ming Cheng , Qiang Fu , Ming Li

A keyword spotting (KWS) system determines the existence of, usually predefined, keyword in a continuous speech stream. This paper presents a query-by-example on-device KWS system which is user-specific. The proposed system consists of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Byeonggeun Kim , Mingu Lee , Jinkyu Lee , Yeonseok Kim , Kyuwoong Hwang

The advances in attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) networks have brought great progress to end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR). One way to further improve the performance of AED-based E2E ASR is to introduce an extra text…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Wei Wang , Shuo Ren , Yao Qian , Shujie Liu , Yu Shi , Yanmin Qian , Michael Zeng

Speech recognition has become an important task in the development of machine learning and artificial intelligence. In this study, we explore the important task of keyword spotting using speech recognition machine learning and deep learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Sumedha Rai , Tong Li , Bella Lyu

The performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) has improved tremendously due to the application of deep neural networks (DNNs). Despite this progress, building a new ASR system remains a challenging task, requiring various resources,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Yajie Miao , Mohammad Gowayyed , Florian Metze

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (OV-KWS) enables personalized device control via arbitrary voice commands. Recently, researchers have explored using audio-text joint embeddings, allowing users to enroll phrases with text, and proposed…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yi Liu , Chuan-Che Huang , Xiao Quan

Continuous Speech Keyword Spotting (CSKWS) is a task to detect predefined keywords in a continuous speech. In this paper, we regard CSKWS as a one-dimensional object detection task and propose a novel anchor-free detector, named AF-KWS, to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Zhiyuan Zhao , Chuanxin Tang , Chengdong Yao , Chong Luo

LSTM-based speaker verification usually uses a fixed-length local segment randomly truncated from an utterance to learn the utterance-level speaker embedding, while using the average embedding of all segments of a test utterance to verify…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-05 Bin Liu , Shuai Nie , Yaping Zhang , Shan Liang , Wenju Liu

Keyword spotting (KWS) on mobile devices generally requires a small memory footprint. However, most current models still maintain a large number of parameters in order to ensure good performance. In this paper, we propose a temporally…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Shenghua Hu , Jing Wang , Yujun Wang , Wenjing Yang