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Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) are capable of learning latent representations for high dimensional data. However, due to the i.i.d. assumption, VAEs only optimize the singleton variational distributions and fail to account for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Da Tang , Dawen Liang , Tony Jebara , Nicholas Ruozzi

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a standard framework for inducing latent variable models that have been shown effective in learning text representations as well as in text generation. The key challenge with using VAEs is the {\it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Serhii Havrylov , Ivan Titov

The ability of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to learn disentangled representations has made them popular for practical applications. However, their behaviour is not yet fully understood. For example, the questions of when they can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lisa Bonheme , Marek Grzes

Variational language models seek to estimate the posterior of latent variables with an approximated variational posterior. The model often assumes the variational posterior to be factorized even when the true posterior is not. The learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Prince Zizhuang Wang , William Yang Wang

We consider the problem of learning Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), i.e., a type of deep generative model, from data with missing values. Such data is omnipresent in real-world applications of machine learning because complete data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Timur Sudak , Sebastian Tschiatschek

Multi-agent behavior modeling and trajectory forecasting are crucial for the safe navigation of autonomous agents in interactive scenarios. Variational Autoencoder (VAE) has been widely applied in multi-agent interaction modeling to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Chen Tang , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

This work identifies the existence and cause of a type of posterior collapse that frequently occurs in the Bayesian deep learning practice. For a general linear latent variable model that includes linear variational autoencoders as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Zihao Wang , Liu Ziyin

Multi-view data from the same source often exhibit correlation. This is mirrored in correlation between the latent spaces of separate variational autoencoders (VAEs) trained on each data-view. A multi-view VAE approach is proposed that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-01 Ella S. C. Orme , Marina Evangelou , Ulrich Paquet

Variational autoencoders (VAE) represent a popular, flexible form of deep generative model that can be stochastically fit to samples from a given random process using an information-theoretic variational bound on the true underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Bin Dai , Yu Wang , John Aston , Gang Hua , David Wipf

Variational autoencoder (VAE) has widely been utilized for modeling data distributions because it is theoretically elegant, easy to train, and has nice manifold representations. However, when applied to image reconstruction and synthesis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Dooseop Choi , KyoungWook Min

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is known to suffer from the phenomenon of \textit{posterior collapse}, where the latent representations generated by the model become independent of the inputs. This leads to degenerated representations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Fotios Lygerakis , Elmar Rueckert

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular deep latent variable model used to analyse high-dimensional datasets by learning a low-dimensional latent representation of the data. It simultaneously learns a generative model and an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Mine Öğretir , Siddharth Ramchandran , Dimitrios Papatheodorou , Harri Lähdesmäki

We take steps towards understanding the "posterior collapse (PC)" difficulty in variational autoencoders (VAEs),~i.e. a degenerate optimum in which the latent codes become independent of their corresponding inputs. We rely on calculus of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Yashas Annadani , Gary Bécigneul

The variational autoencoder (VAE) framework is a popular option for training unsupervised generative models, featuring ease of training and latent representation of data. The objective function of VAE does not guarantee to achieve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Jason Chou

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful method for learning representations of high-dimensional data. However, VAEs can suffer from an issue known as latent variable collapse (or KL loss vanishing), where the posterior collapses to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Chenghua Lin , Matthew Collinson , Rui Mao

We claim that a source of severe failures for Variational Auto-Encoders is the choice of the distribution class used for the observation model.A first theoretical and experimental contribution of the paper is to establish that even in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Michele Sebag , Victor Berger , Michèle Sebag

Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) are deep generative latent variable models that are widely used for a number of downstream tasks. While it has been demonstrated that VAE training can suffer from a number of pathologies, existing literature…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-17 Yaniv Yacoby , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) suffer from posterior collapse, where the powerful neural networks used for modeling and inference optimize the objective without meaningfully using the latent representation. We introduce inference critics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Sachit Menon , David Blei , Carl Vondrick

Conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs) are versatile deep generative models that extend the standard VAE framework by conditioning the generative model with auxiliary covariates. The original CVAE model assumes that the data samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-03 Siddharth Ramchandran , Gleb Tikhonov , Otto Lönnroth , Pekka Tiikkainen , Harri Lähdesmäki

Learning latent representations that are simultaneously expressive, geometrically well-structured, and reliably calibrated remains a central challenge for Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). Standard VAEs typically assume a diagonal Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mehmet Can Yavuz