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Accurate and efficient climate simulations are crucial for understanding Earth's evolving climate. However, current general circulation models (GCMs) face challenges in capturing unresolved physical processes, such as cloud and convection.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Xin Wang , Jianda Chen , Juntao Yang , Jeff Adie , Simon See , Kalli Furtado , Chen Chen , Troy Arcomano , Romit Maulik , Wei Xue , Gianmarco Mengaldo

This work proposes a novel methodology for turbulence modeling in Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which embeds the discrete rotational, reflectional and translational symmetries of the Navier-Stokes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-11 Marius Kurz , Andrea Beck , Benjamin Sanderse

Machine learning (ML)-based models have demonstrated high skill and computational efficiency, often outperforming conventional physics-based models in weather and subseasonal predictions. While prior studies have assessed their fidelity in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Ziming Chen , L. Ruby Leung , Wenyu Zhou , Jian Lu , Sandro W. Lubis , Ye Liu , Chuan-Chieh Chang , Bryce E. Harrop , Ya Wang , Mingshi Yang , Gan Zhang , Yun Qian

Transfer learning (TL) is a powerful tool for enhancing the performance of neural networks (NNs) in applications such as weather and climate prediction and turbulence modeling. TL enables models to generalize to out-of-distribution data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Moein Darman , Pedram Hassanzadeh , Laure Zanna , Ashesh Chattopadhyay

We prove closed-form equations for the exact high-dimensional asymptotics of a family of first order gradient-based methods, learning an estimator (e.g. M-estimator, shallow neural network, ...) from observations on Gaussian data with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Cedric Gerbelot , Emanuele Troiani , Francesca Mignacco , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborova

The second paper of this series presents two robust entropy stable shock-capturing methods for discontinuous Galerkin spectral element (DGSEM) discretizations of the compressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) equations. Specifically, we use…

The discrete direct deconvolution model (D3M) is developed for the large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulence. The D3M is a discrete approximation of previous direct deconvolution model studied by Chang et al. ["The effect of sub-filter…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-16 Ning Chang , Zelong Yuan , Yunpeng Wang , Jianchun Wang

The predictive accuracy of the Navier-Stokes equations is known to degrade at the limits of the continuum assumption, thereby necessitating expensive and often highly approximate solutions to the Boltzmann equation. While tractable in one…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-25 Ashish S. Nair , Justin Sirignano , Marco Panesi , Jonathan F. MacArt

This study develops invariance-embedded machine learning sub-grid-scale (SGS) stress models admitting turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) backscatter towards more accurate large eddy simulation (LES) of meso-scale turbulent hurricane boundary…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-22 Md Badrul Hasan , Meilin Yu , Tim Oates

In the present study, we investigate different data-driven parameterizations for large eddy simulation of two-dimensional turbulence in the \emph{a priori} settings. These models utilize resolved flow field variables on the coarser grid to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Suraj Pawar , Omer San , Adil Rasheed , Prakash Vedula

This paper solves the discretised multiphase flow equations using tools and methods from machine-learning libraries. The idea comes from the observation that convolutional layers can be used to express a discretisation as a neural network…

Advancing our understanding of astrophysical turbulence is bottlenecked by the limited resolution of numerical simulations that may not fully sample scales in the inertial range. Machine learning (ML) techniques have demonstrated promise in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-02 Diane M. Salim , Blakesley Burkhart , David Sondak

A new scale-dependent dynamic subgrid-scale (SGS) model based on Kolmogorov's scaling hypothesis is presented. This SGS model is utilized in large-eddy simulation of a well-known case study on shear-driven neutral atmospheric boundary layer…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 William Anderson , Sukanta Basu , Chris Letchford

Neural networks (NN) are implemented as sub-grid flame models in a large-eddy simulation of a single-injector liquid-propellant rocket engine with the aim to replace a look-up table approach. The NN training process presents an…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-01-11 Zeinab Shadram , Tuan M. Nguyen , Athanasios Sideris , William A. Sirignano

Over the last years, supervised learning (SL) has established itself as the state-of-the-art for data-driven turbulence modeling. In the SL paradigm, models are trained based on a dataset, which is typically computed a priori from a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-23 Marius Kurz , Philipp Offenhäuser , Andrea Beck

The dual aims of accuracy and computational efficiency in computational plasma physics lend themselves well to the use of fluid models. The first of these goals, however, is only satisfied for such models insofar as the utilized closure can…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Emil R. Ingelsten , Madox C. McGrae-Menge , E. Paulo Alves , Istvan Pusztai

We investigate the hydrodynamic recovery of Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) by analyzing exact balance relations for energy and enstrophy derived from averaging the equations of motion on sub-volumes of different sizes. In the context of 2D…

The Gaussian-filtered Navier-Stokes equations are examined theoretically and a generalized theory of their numerical stability is proposed. Using the exact expansion series of subfilter-scale stresses or integration by parts, the terms…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masato Ida , Nobuyuki Oshima

We propose a deep learning based discontinuous Galerkin method (D2GM) to solve hyperbolic equations with discontinuous solutions and random uncertainties. The main computational challenges for such problems include discontinuities of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Jingrun Chen , Shi Jin , Liyao Lyu

Accuracy in neural PDE solvers often breaks down not because of limited expressivity, but due to poor optimisation caused by ill-conditioning, especially in multi-fidelity and stiff problems. We study this issue in Physics-Informed Extreme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Siddharth Rout