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Empirical risk minimization can lead to poor generalization behavior on unseen environments if the learned model does not capture invariant feature representations. Invariant risk minimization (IRM) is a recent proposal for discovering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Francesco Alesiani , Shujian Yu , Mathias Niepert

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) which aims at recognizing objects from subcategories is a very challenging task due to the inherently subtle inter-class differences. Most existing works mainly tackle this problem by reusing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Ju He , Jie-Neng Chen , Shuai Liu , Adam Kortylewski , Cheng Yang , Yutong Bai , Changhu Wang

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) involves categorizing fine subdivisions within a broader category, which poses challenges due to subtle inter-class discrepancies and large intra-class variations. However, prevailing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Xin Jiang , Hao Tang , Junyao Gao , Xiaoyu Du , Shengfeng He , Zechao Li

Unsupervised learning technology has caught up with or even surpassed supervised learning technology in general object classification (GOC) and person re-identification (re-ID). However, it is found that the unsupervised learning of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Jiabao Wang , Yang Li , Xiu-Shen Wei , Hang Li , Zhuang Miao , Rui Zhang

Invariance-principle-based methods such as Invariant Risk Minimization (IRM), have recently emerged as promising approaches for Domain Generalization (DG). Despite promising theory, such approaches fail in common classification tasks due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Thuan Nguyen , Boyang Lyu , Prakash Ishwar , Matthias Scheutz , Shuchin Aeron

Identifying subordinate-level categories from images is a longstanding task in computer vision and is referred to as fine-grained visual recognition (FGVR). It has tremendous significance in real-world applications since an average…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Mingxuan Liu , Subhankar Roy , Wenjing Li , Zhun Zhong , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

Fine-grained image classification (FGIC) is a challenging task in computer vision for due to small visual differences among inter-subcategories, but, large intra-class variations. Deep learning methods have achieved remarkable success in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Asish Bera , Debotosh Bhattacharjee , Mita Nasipuri

Invariant risk minimization (IRM) is an arising approach to generalize invariant features to different environments in machine learning. While most related works focus on new IRM settings or new application scenarios, the mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Zhao-Rong Lai , Weiwen Wang

Fine-grained visual recognition aims to capture discriminative characteristics amongst visually similar categories. The state-of-the-art research work has significantly improved the fine-grained recognition performance by deep metric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Yan Bai , Feng Gao , Yihang Lou , Shiqi Wang , Tiejun Huang , Ling-Yu Duan

Geometric shape features have been widely used as strong predictors for image classification. Nevertheless, most existing classifiers such as deep neural networks (DNNs) directly leverage the statistical correlations between these shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Tonmoy Hossain , Jing Ma , Jundong Li , Miaomiao Zhang

Fine-Grained Visual Classification(FGVC) is the task that requires recognizing the objects belonging to multiple subordinate categories of a super-category. Recent state-of-the-art methods usually design sophisticated learning pipelines to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Qishuai Diao , Yi Jiang , Bin Wen , Jia Sun , Zehuan Yuan

Fine-grained Visual Classification (FGVC) aims to identify objects from subcategories. It is a very challenging task because of the subtle inter-class differences. Existing research applies large-scale convolutional neural networks or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Zhenxin Wu , Qingliang Chen , Yifeng Liu , Yinqi Zhang , Chengkai Zhu , Yang Yu

Fine-grained image recognition is a longstanding computer vision challenge that focuses on differentiating objects belonging to multiple subordinate categories within the same meta-category. Since images belonging to the same meta-category…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Yifan Pu , Yizeng Han , Yulin Wang , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Gao Huang

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) aims to classify sub-classes of objects in the same super-class (e.g., species of birds, models of cars). For the FGVC tasks, the essential solution is to find discriminative subtle information of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Chenyu Guo , Jiyang Xie , Kongming Liang , Xian Sun , Zhanyu Ma

Fine-grained image recognition (FGIR) aims to distinguish visually similar sub-categories within a broader class, such as identifying bird species. While most existing FGIR methods rely on backbones pretrained on large-scale datasets like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Edwin Arkel Rios , Fernando Mikael , Oswin Gosal , Femiloye Oyerinde , Hao-Chun Liang , Bo-Cheng Lai , Min-Chun Hu

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) is challenging but more critical than traditional classification tasks. It requires distinguishing different subcategories with the inherently subtle intra-class object variations. Previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Zhenhuan Huang , Xiaoyue Duan , Bo Zhao , Jinhu Lü , Baochang Zhang

Fine-Grained Image Retrieval~(FGIR) faces challenges in learning discriminative visual representations to retrieve images with similar fine-grained features. Current leading FGIR solutions typically follow two regimes: enforce pairwise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xin Jiang , Meiqi Cao , Hao Tang , Fei Shen , Zechao Li

We aim to provide a computationally cheap yet effective approach for fine-grained image classification (FGIC) in this letter. Unlike previous methods that rely on complex part localization modules, our approach learns fine-grained features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Wei Luo , Hengmin Zhang , Jun Li , Xiu-Shen Wei

Despite the rapid evolution of learning and computer vision algorithms, Fine-Grained Classification (FGC) still poses an open problem in many practically relevant applications. In the retail domain, for example, the identification of fast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Bianca Lamm , Janis Keuper

Invariant risk minimization (IRM) has received increasing attention as a way to acquire environment-agnostic data representations and predictions, and as a principled solution for preventing spurious correlations from being learned and for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yihua Zhang , Pranay Sharma , Parikshit Ram , Mingyi Hong , Kush Varshney , Sijia Liu