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Recent Text-to-SQL methods leverage large language models (LLMs) by incorporating feedback from the database management system. While these methods effectively address execution errors in SQL queries, they struggle with database mismatches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Zhongyuan Wang , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie , Jaein Kim

Despite strong performance on Text-to-SQL benchmarks, it remains unclear whether LLM-generated SQL programs are structurally reliable. In this work, we investigate the structural behavior of LLM-generated SQL queries and introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yixi Zhou , Fan Zhang , Zhiqiao Guo , Yu Chen , Haipeng Zhang , Preslav Nakov , Zhuohan Xie

With the future striving toward data-centric decision-making, seamless access to databases is of utmost importance. There is extensive research on creating an efficient text-to-sql (TEXT2SQL) model to access data from the database. Using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Ayush Kumar , Parth Nagarkar , Prabhav Nalhe , Sanjeev Vijayakumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with the precise logic and schema alignment required for complex Text-to-SQL tasks. While current methods rely heavily on static prompting, they lack the ability to dynamically adapt and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haolin Yang , Jipeng Zhang , Zhitao He , Alexander Zhou , Yi R. Fung

We present ReFoRCE, a Text-to-SQL agent that tops the Spider 2.0 leaderboard--a challenging benchmark reflecting complex, real-world Text-to-SQL scenarios. While Text-to-SQL systems enable natural language queries over structured databases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Minghang Deng , Ashwin Ramachandran , Canwen Xu , Lanxiang Hu , Zhewei Yao , Anupam Datta , Hao Zhang

Querying databases for the right information is a time consuming and error-prone task and often requires experienced professionals for the job. Furthermore, the user needs to have some prior knowledge about the database. There have been…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Manu Joseph , Harsh Raj , Anubhav Yadav , Aaryamann Sharma

Natural language interfaces for NoSQL databases are increasingly vital in the big data era, enabling users to interact with complex, unstructured data without deep technical expertise. However, most recent advancements focus on English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhiqian Qin , Yuanfeng Song , Jinwei Lu , Yuanwei Song , Shuaimin Li , Chen Jason Zhang

Translating natural language questions into SQL queries, known as text-to-SQL, is a long-standing research problem. Effective text-to-SQL synthesis can become very challenging due to (i) the extensive size of database catalogs (descriptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Shayan Talaei , Mohammadreza Pourreza , Yu-Chen Chang , Azalia Mirhoseini , Amin Saberi

One of the recent best attempts at Text-to-SQL is the pre-trained language model. Due to the structural property of the SQL queries, the seq2seq model takes the responsibility of parsing both the schema items (i.e., tables and columns) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Haoyang Li , Jing Zhang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

Text-to-SQL, the task of translating natural language questions into SQL queries, has long been a central challenge in NLP. While progress has been significant, applying it to the financial domain remains especially difficult due to complex…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-03 Avinash Kumar Singh , Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Stefano Pasquali

Although multi-agent collaborative Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant breakthroughs in the Text-to-SQL task, their performance is still constrained by various factors. These factors include the incompleteness of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xiangjin Xie , Guangwei Xu , Lingyan Zhao , Ruijie Guo

There is currently a significant gap between the performance of fine-tuned models and prompting approaches using Large Language Models (LLMs) on the challenging task of text-to-SQL, as evaluated on datasets such as Spider. To improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Mohammadreza Pourreza , Davood Rafiei

We explore using T5 (Raffel et al. (2019)) to directly translate natural language questions into SQL statements. General purpose natural language that interfaces to information stored within databases requires flexibly translating natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Ning Li , Bethany Keller , Mark Butler , Daniel Cer

Scientific Natural Language Inference (NLI) is the task of predicting the semantic relation between a pair of sentences extracted from research articles. Existing datasets for this task are derived from various computer science (CS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Firoz Shaik , Mobashir Sadat , Nikita Gautam , Doina Caragea , Cornelia Caragea

We present an approach to rapidly and easily build natural language interfaces to databases for new domains, whose performance improves over time based on user feedback, and requires minimal intervention. To achieve this, we adapt neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Srinivasan Iyer , Ioannis Konstas , Alvin Cheung , Jayant Krishnamurthy , Luke Zettlemoyer

Text-to-SQL is a critical task in natural language processing that aims to transform natural language questions into accurate and executable SQL queries. In real-world scenarios, these reasoning tasks are often accompanied by complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tao Liu , Xutao Mao , Hongying Zan , Dixuan Zhang , Yifan Li , Haixin Liu , Lulu Kong , Jiaming Hou , Rui Li , YunLong Li , aoze zheng , Zhiqiang Zhang , Luo Zhewei , Kunli Zhang , Min Peng

We propose test suite accuracy to approximate semantic accuracy for Text-to-SQL models. Our method distills a small test suite of databases that achieves high code coverage for the gold query from a large number of randomly generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Ruiqi Zhong , Tao Yu , Dan Klein

Recent neural text-to-SQL models can effectively translate natural language questions to corresponding SQL queries on unseen databases. Working mostly on the Spider dataset, researchers have proposed increasingly sophisticated solutions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Torsten Scholak , Raymond Li , Dzmitry Bahdanau , Harm de Vries , Chris Pal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred progress in text-to-SQL, the task of generating SQL queries from natural language questions based on a given database schema. Despite the declarative nature of SQL, it continues to be a complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Ben Eyal , Amir Bachar , Ophir Haroche , Michael Elhadad

Researchers have proposed numerous text-to-SQL techniques to streamline data analytics and accelerate the development of data-driven applications. To compare these techniques and select the best one for deployment, the community depends on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Tengjun Jin , Yoojin Choi , Yuxuan Zhu , Daniel Kang