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Sensitive measurements of the linearly polarized spectra of stars can be used to deduce geometric properties of their otherwise unresolved circumstellar environments. This paper describes some of the evidence for optical pumping and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 J. R. Kuhn , B Geiss , D. M. Harrington

In this paper, we use a straightforward numerical method to solve scattering models in one-dimensional lattices based on a tight-binding band structure. We do this by using the wave packet approach to scattering, which presents a more…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-07-06 M. Staelens , F. Marsiglio

Point processes model the distribution of random point sets in mathematical spaces, such as spatial and temporal domains, with applications in fields like seismology, neuroscience, and economics. Existing statistical and machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 David Lüdke , Enric Rabasseda Raventós , Marcel Kollovieh , Stephan Günnemann

Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Youssef Tawfik , Shan Hao , Thomas P. Purdy

Objective detection of specific patterns in statistical distributions, like groupings or gaps or abrupt transitions between different subsets, is a task with a rich range of applications in astronomy: Milky Way stellar population analysis,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-09 Roman V. Baluev

We expand on the method of sequential filtering for calculating spectra of inhomogeneous fields. Sadek & Aluie [Phys. Rev. Fluids, 3, 124610 (2018)] showed that the kernel has to have at least $p$ vanishing moments to extract a power-law…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-18 Dongxiao Zhao , Hussein Aluie

A spectrogram of a ship wake is a heat map that visualises the time-dependent frequency spectrum of surface height measurements taken at a single point as the ship travels by. Spectrograms are easy to compute and, if properly interpreted,…

Spectral densities encode the relevant information characterising the system-environment interaction in an open-quantum system problem. Such information is key to determining the system's dynamics. In this work, we leverage the potential of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-13 Jessica Barr , Giorgio Zicari , Alessandro Ferraro , Mauro Paternostro

In this article, we propose a spectral method for a class of multivariate inhomogeneous spatial point processes, namely the second-order intensity reweighted stationary processes. A key ingredient of our approach is utilizing the asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-22 Qi-Wen Ding , Junho Yang , Joonho Shin

Trend filtering---first introduced into the astronomical literature in Paper I of this series---is a state-of-the-art statistical tool for denoising one-dimensional signals that possess varying degrees of smoothness. In this work, we…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-01 Collin A. Politsch , Jessi Cisewski-Kehe , Rupert A. C. Croft , Larry Wasserman

In coventional imaging experiments, objects are localized in a position space and such optically responsive objects can be imaged with a convex lens and can be seen by a human eye. In this paper, we introduce an experiment on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 Mandip Singh , Samridhi Gambhir

Radio propagation modeling is essential in telecommunication research, as radio channels result from complex interactions with environmental objects. Recently, Machine Learning has been attracting attention as a potential alternative to…

When employing non-linear methods to characterise complex systems, it is important to determine to what extent they are capturing genuine non-linear phenomena that could not be assessed by simpler spectral methods. Specifically, we are…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Pedro A. M. Mediano , Fernando E. Rosas , Adam B. Barrett , Daniel Bor

Bacteria can form a great variety of spatially heterogeneous cell density patterns, ranging from simple concentric rings to dynamical spiral waves appearing in growing colonies. These pattern formation phenomena are important as they…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-17 John S. Chuang , Riccardo Rao , Stanislas Leibler

Statistics of stochastic processes are crucially influenced by the boundary conditions. In one spatial dimension, for example, the first passage time distribution in semi-infinite space (one absorbing boundary) is markedly different from…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 Yuta Sakamoto , Takahiro Sakaue

The process of dynamic state estimation (filtering) based on point process observations is in general intractable. Numerical sampling techniques are often practically useful, but lead to limited conceptual insight about optimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-13 Yuval Harel , Ron Meir , Manfred Opper

Ultra-fast and multi-dimensional spectroscopy gives a powerful looking glass into the dynamics of molecular systems. In particular two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) provides a probe of coherence and the flow of energy within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 André Anda , Jared H. Cole

Palmprint recognition has drawn a lot of attention during the recent years. Many algorithms have been proposed for palmprint recognition in the past, majority of them being based on features extracted from the transform domain. Many of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-31 Shervin Minaee , Yao Wang

Bilateral filters have wide spread use due to their edge-preserving properties. The common use case is to manually choose a parametric filter type, usually a Gaussian filter. In this paper, we will generalize the parametrization and in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Varun Jampani , Martin Kiefel , Peter V. Gehler

Transmission spectroscopy is a key technique in the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres and has been widely applied to planets undergoing hydrodynamic escape. While a robust analytic theory exists for transmission spectra of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Leonardos Gkouvelis